腔内外联合断流术降低食管曲张静脉复发

目的:评价食管腔内外联合断流术(EVL Hassab's手术)治疗食管静脉曲张的效果.方法:135例食管静脉曲张患者按分层随机原则分别接受内镜下食管曲张静脉套扎术(EVL)、Hassab's手术和腔内外联合断流术治疗.采用内镜超声微探头记录了治疗前后食管下段静脉图像,术后随访.结果:经EVL治疗后,食管曲张静脉完全消失,而穿静脉和食管周围静脉仍然明显,随访3年,食管曲张静脉复发率为83%.单纯Hassab's手术后发现食管周围静脉被完全离断,食管曲张静脉仍然存在,只是程度上较术前减轻,再出血和复发率分别为30%和95%.而腔内外联合断流术后,食管曲张静脉、穿静脉和食管周围静脉完全消失,随访3年有3例(8%)轻度复发.结论:食管下段明显扩张的穿静脉和食管周围静脉导致单纯EVL术后食管曲张静脉的复发.食管腔内外联合断流术能有效地减少食管曲张静脉复发.

Endoscopic variceal ligation combined with Hassab's procedure in preventing the recurrence of esophageal varices

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) combined with Hassab's procedure in the prevention of variceal recurrence. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-five patients with esophageal varices were randomized to receive EVL alone, Hassab's procedure alone or a combination of EVL and Hassab's procedure for variceal eradication. Ultrasonographic venous network images were recorded by an esophageal microprobe before and after the EVL or Hassab's procedure. The clinical outcome and vascular network images of the 3 groups were analyzed. RESULTS: Esophageal varices were obliterated immediately after EVL alone, while both perforating veins and periesophageal collaterals remained patent, and 83% had recurrence of esophageal varices during an initial 3-year follow-up. Esophageal varices were reduced in size, periesophageal collaterals were obliterated after Hassab's procedure alone, and 30% experienced rebleeding and 95% with variceal recurrence. EVL combined with Hassab's procedure obliterated all esophageal varices, perforating veins and periesophageal collaterals, and only 3 patients (8%) recurred. CONCLUSION: The existence of patent perforating veins and periesophageal collaterals is the reason of esophageal variceal recurrence after EVL alone. EVL combined with Hassab's procedure can effectively prevent the recurrence, even if the cirrhojtic portal hypertension persisted.