Detection of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in naturally infected dogs and cats using serological,parasitological and molecular methods |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Research Unit of Emerging Infectious and Tropical Diseases (URMITE) – IHU Méditerranée Infection. Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INSERM, AP-HM, Marseille, France;2. Animal Epidemiology Working Group of the Military Health Service, DRSSA Toulon, France;3. University Medical Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier A. Rosemon, Cayenne, France;1. Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Piso 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Institute of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution of Buenos Aires (UBA-CONICET), Argentina;3. Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Biotechnology, Center for Research in Veterinary and Agronomic Sciences, INTA, Los Reseros S/N, Castelar, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina;4. Laboratory of Clinical and Environmental Parasitology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Piso 4, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina;5. Public Health Research Institute, University of Buenos Aires, Presidente José Evaristo Uriburu 950, Piso 1, Buenos Aires, Argentina |
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| Abstract: | Domestic dogs and cats are major domestic reservoir hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi and a risk factor for parasite transmission. In this study we assessed the relative performance of a polymerase chain reaction assay targeted to minicircle DNA (kDNA-PCR) in reference to conventional serological tests, a rapid dipstick test and xenodiagnosis to detect T. cruzi infection in dogs and cats from an endemic rural area in northeastern Argentina. A total of 43 dogs and 13 cats seropositive for T. cruzi by an immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA), which had been examined by xenodiagnosis, were also tested by kDNA-PCR. kDNA-PCR was nearly as sensitive as xenodiagnosis for detecting T. cruzi-infectious dogs and cats. kDNA-PCR was slightly more sensitive than xenodiagnosis in seropositive dogs (91% versus 86%, respectively) and cats (77% against 54%, respectively), but failed to detect all of the seropositive individuals. ELISA and IHA detected all xenodiagnosis-positive dogs and both outcomes largely agreed (kappa coefficient, κ = 0.92), whereas both assays failed to detect all of the xenodiagnosis-positive cats and their agreement was moderate (κ = 0.68). In dogs, the sensitivity of the dipstick test was 95% and agreed closely with the outcome of conventional serological tests (κ = 0.82). The high sensitivity of kDNA-PCR to detect T. cruzi infections in naturally infected dogs and cats supports its application as a diagnostic tool complementary to serology and may replace the use of xenodiagnosis or hemoculture. |
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| Keywords: | Chagas disease Serodiagnosis Xenodiagnosis Polymerase chain reaction Reservoir |
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