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上海市部分社区老年原发性高血压患病现况及危险因素调查
引用本文:陈阳,张维,王姣锋,谈中茹,焦青萍,郭新贵,张煜.上海市部分社区老年原发性高血压患病现况及危险因素调查[J].中国医药,2013,8(6):775-777.
作者姓名:陈阳  张维  王姣锋  谈中茹  焦青萍  郭新贵  张煜
作者单位:陈阳 (复旦大学附属华东医院心内科, 上海,200040); 张维 (复旦大学附属华东医院心内科, 上海,200040); 王姣锋 (复旦大学附属华东医院心内科, 上海,200040); 谈中茹 (复旦大学附属华东医院心内科, 上海,200040); 焦青萍 (复旦大学附属华东医院心内科, 上海,200040); 郭新贵 (复旦大学附属华东医院心内科, 上海,200040); 张煜 (复旦大学附属华东医院心内科, 上海,200040);
摘    要:目的通过对上海市部分社区老年人群的抽样调查,了解其高血压的患病率、知晓率和治疗率,并分析与高血压相关联的主要危险因素。方法采取整群抽样的方法,随机抽取4个社区,对其中≥65岁且排除继发性高血压的自然人群8767例(男性3824例,女性4943例)进行调查分析。结果①高血压患病率为61.5%(5391/8767),其中男女高血压患病率分别为60.7%(2323/3824)和62.1%(3068/4943),高血压患病率的性别差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。高血压知晓率为87.4%(4712/5391),其中男女知晓率分别为85.5%(1986/2323)和88.9%(2726/3068),知晓率的性别差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。高血压治疗率为49.9%(2689/5391),其中男女高血压患者治疗率分别为48.4%(1124/2323)和51.0%(1565/3068),治疗率的性别差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。②高血压组和非高血压组年龄、BMI、食盐摄入量、高血压家族史、高脂血症的差异均有统计学意义年龄:(78±7)岁比(77±8)岁,BMI:(24±3)kg/m^2比(23±3)kg/m^2,食盐摄入量≥6/d:42.2%比31.0%,高血压家族史:27.8%比11.7%,高脂血症:6.9%比3.4%,均P〈0.01]。Logistic多元回归分析结果显示,年龄(≥65岁)、BMI(24kg/m^2)、食盐摄入量(≥6g/d)、高血压家族史及高脂血症为发生高血压的危险因素年龄(≥65岁):比值比(OR)=1.044,95%置信区间(c1)为1.036~1.052;BMI(24kg/m^2):OR=1.115,95%CI为l_099~1.132;食盐摄入量6—12g/d:OR=1.433,95%,为1.284—1.600,〉12∥d:OR=1.461,95%CI为1.195~1.786;高血压家族史:OR=3.064,95%CI为2.644~3.550;患有高脂血症者:OR=1.580,95%CI为1.260~1.980,不确定自身是否患高脂血症者:OR=0.789,95%CI为0.683~0.911,均P〈0.05]。结论上海市部分社区老年人群高血压的患病率较高,男性高血压的知晓率低于女性。年龄(〉165岁)、BMI(24kg/m^2)、食盐摄入量(/〉6g/d)、家族史及高脂血症为高血压患病的主要危险因素。

关 键 词:高血压  患病率  知晓率  治疗率  危险因素

Prevalence and risk factors of primary hypertension in the elderly in shanghai community
CHEN Yang,ZHANG Wei,WANG Jiao-feng,TAN Zhong-ra,JIAO Qing-ping,GUO Xin-gui,ZHANG Yu.Prevalence and risk factors of primary hypertension in the elderly in shanghai community[J].China Medicine,2013,8(6):775-777.
Authors:CHEN Yang  ZHANG Wei  WANG Jiao-feng  TAN Zhong-ra  JIAO Qing-ping  GUO Xin-gui  ZHANG Yu
Institution:. Department of Cardiology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Abstract:Objective To investigate prevalence and risk factors of primary hypertension in an old population in Shanghai community. Methods Participants from four communities of Changning district were surveyed by randomly cluster sampling. The data of 8767 persons ( male 3824, female 4943 ) aged 65 years and older were obtained and analyzed. Results ①The rates of prevalence, awareness and treatment were 61.5% (5391/8767), 87.4% (4712/5391) and 49.9% (2689/5391). The rates of awareness were higher in females than in males (88.9% vs 85.5%, P 〈 0.05 ). ~)Muhiple logistic regression analysis showed that age, body mass index (BMI), salt intake, hypertensive family history and history of hyperlipidemia were significantly related to hypertension ( P 〈 0. 001 ). The odds ratios (95% CI) of age, BMI, hypertensive family history and history of hyperlipidemia were 1. 044( 1. 036-1. 052), 1.115 ( 1. 099-1. 132 ), 3. 064 ( 2. 644-3. 550 ) and 1. 580 ( 1. 260-1. 980 ), respectively. Compared with the group of 6 g/d to 12 g/d salt intake, the odds ratios (95% C1) of group over 12 g/d were 1.433 (1. 284-1. 600) and 1. 461 (1. 195-1. 786). Conclusions The prevalence rate of hypertension is high in the aid population of Shanghai community. The rates of awareness of hypertension were higher in females than in males. The main risk factors of hypertension include age( ≥65 years), BMI(24 kg/m^2), salt intake ( ≥6 g/day), hypertensive family history and history of hyperlipidemia.
Keywords:Hypertension  Prevalence rate  Awareness rate  Treatment rate  Risk factos
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