针对医学检验专业本科生开展医学真菌学教学改革的必要性研究

目的 了解各院校医学检验本科专业真菌学教学状况，为医学真菌学教学改革提供依据。方法 采用咨询与问卷调查的形式，了解5所院校医学检验本科专业真菌学相关课程设置情况和81家医院的85名检验技术人员对真菌的检测情况。对调查结果进行汇总描述。结果 5所院校检验系微生物学的总课时数均设定为140学时以上，但仅1所院校真菌学教学达到22学时．其余4所院校真菌学教学均在10学时以下、最少者为5学时。不同医院能分离到数量不等的念珠菌和丝状真菌，但半数以上的技术人员不能鉴定青霉菌、双相真菌、接合菌和暗色真菌。结论 医学检验专业本科生在校的真菌学知识学习存在不足，相应教学中缺乏医学重要致病真菌的检测方法和鉴定特征等内容。而医院技术人员对真菌的鉴定能力不能满足临床涉及真菌感染增多的形势：因此有必要改革院校医学检验本科专业的真菌学教学，如增加课时数和教学内容等。

Study on teaching reformation necessity of medical mycology for undergraduates of medical laboratory specialty

Objective To study the education of medical mycology for undergraduates of medical laboratory specialty and provide a basis for teaching reformation. Method Setting of mycology related courses of medical mycology for undergraduates in 5 medical schools and 85 inspection and technical personnel＇s detection of fungi in 81 hospitals were investigated through consultation and questionnaire survey. Results More than 140 class hours for medical mycology were arranged in 5 schools, but as to medical mycology, 22 class hours in 1 school and less than 10 class hours in 4 schools, the minimum class hours were 5. Although various numbers of Candida and filamentous fungi could be isolated in hospitals investigated, more than half laboratory workers could not identify penicillium, thermally dimorphic fungi, Zygomycetes and Dematiaceous fungi. Conclusion Education on medical mycology for medical laboratory specialty undergraduates is insufficient and the corresponding teaching lacks such content as medically important pathogenic fungi detection methods and identification characteristics. The hospital technical personnel＇s fungal identification ability cannot meet the situation of increasing fungal infection involved in clinical medicine, so it is necessary to carry out teaching reformation of medical mycology for undergraduates in laboratory medicine, including adding class hours, increasing course contents and so on.