上海城区世博前后蝇类种群及密度消长变化的研究

选取成蝇较易出现的公园和居民区环境类型,采用腐鱼笼诱法分别于2002与2013年对上海中心城区世博建设前后蝇类群落构成和季节消长状况进行监测并对比分析.结果显示,与2002年相比,2013年居民区环境蝇密度显著下降,捕获的蝇种类总数稍有上升;最优势蝇种由2002年的丝光绿蝇转变为2013年的大头金蝇（当年构成比分别为46.06％和20.50％）,亮绿蝇、元厕蝇的密度及构成比较2002年显著上升.2002与2013年成蝇高峰分别均出现于6月份,2013年夏季气温高热造成7月份出现一个波动较大的低谷;丝光绿蝇在不同年代的季节分布差异较明显,其他蝇种分布趋势前后较吻合.据此推论上海城区蝇类侵害以丽蝇科为主,不同监测环境差异较大;城区卫生环境的改善对减少住区蝇滋生起了重要作用,但人口密度高、部分老城区环境复杂、各行业所产生垃圾较多而容易造成蝇类滋生侵害的状况依然存在,蝇类防控措施应针对金蝇和绿蝇等优势蝇种开展,防控工作任重而道远.

ANALYSIS OF THE SEASONAL VARIATION OF FLIES SPECIES AND DENSITY IN SHANGHAI DOWNTOWN AREA BEFORE AND AFTER THE WORLD EXPO.

Fly surveillances were carried out in year of 2002 and 2013 in Huangpu District to investigate the seasonal variation of flies species and density in Shanghai downtown area before and after the 2010 World Expo. The fly densities peaked in June in 2002 and 2013, and Lucilia sericata in 2013 ocurred more evenly throughout the year compared to 2002. Chrysomya megacephala became the most advantage fly species in 2013 （composition ratio） , compared Lucilia sericata in 2002. The density of Lucilia （s. str.） illustris and Fannia prisca in 2013 increased significantly than those of 2002 （P 〈 0. 05）. Compared with 2002, the flies density in residential decreased significantly （36.47 vs 134.78 pes/net · day,P〈 0. 05 ） , which suggests the urban environment improvement during the Expo preparatory process played an important role in reducing the breeding of flies, however , the work of fly prevention and control in Shanghai downtown still has a long way to go despite some achievement thanks to the world Expo.