青海省河南县40岁以上世居蒙古族人群眼底病的流行病学调查

目的了解青海省河南县40岁以上世居蒙古族人群中眼底病的患病率。方法采用整群抽样的方法,在青海省河南县的世居蒙古族人群中抽取19个大队（村）的2112人,使用间接检眼镜进行眼底病抽样调查,并将其调查结果与国内已有的流行病学资料进行比较。结果检查发现眼底异常者381眼,占受检人群的18.04%。眼底异常致盲率（29.43%）低于白内障致盲率（48.42%）,居第二位。眼底异常导致的低视力及盲248眼,占眼底异常患者的65.09%;其中年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）166眼,占66.94%;原因不明的视神经萎缩40眼,占16.13%;视网膜血管性疾病20眼,占8.06%。结论高原地区眼底异常高于内地,AMD、不明原因的视神经萎缩及视网膜血管性疾病为最主要的致盲眼底病。

Epidemiological investigation of ocular funds disease in Mongol above 40 years in Henan county

Objective To investigate the morbidity of ocular funds diseases in Mongol above 40 years in Henan county,Qinghai province.MethodsA total of 2112 Mongol above 40 years in Henan country,Qinghai Province were selected by cluster sampling methods.The sampling survey of ocular funds diseases was performed on the individuals with indirect ophthalmoscope,and the results were compared with other domestic epidemiological data.ResultsAbnormal ocular fundus were found in 381 subjets（18.04%）,and the blindness rate due to the abnormal ocular fundus was 29.43% （93/316 eyes）,which was obviously lower than cataractou blindness（48.42%）.Low vision and blindness caused by ocular funds diseases were found in 248 eyes （65.09%）,including age-related macular degeneration （AMD） in 166（66.94%） and optic atrophy without specific reasons in 40 eyes（16.13%） and retinoangiopathy in 20 eyes（8.06%）.ConclusionThe morbidity of ocular fundus disorder is higher in high plateau area of China than that in backland.AMD and optic atrophy without specific reasons and retinoangiopathy are the prodominant diseases leading to blindness there.