江苏省苏南地区城市社区居民高血压前期人群的现况调查

目的了解苏南地区高血压前期人群的分布特征以及影响因素,为防控高血压和心血管疾病提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取无锡市崇安区6个街道20岁以上的常住居民为调查对象,对所有对象进行问卷调查并测量其身高、体重、血压、腰围。结果苏南地区高血压前期患病率为57.0%,男性患病率（53.1%）高于女性（46.9%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。高血压患病率为11.8%。多因素logistic回归结果显示,性别、年龄、文化程度、中心性肥胖和超重或肥胖均为高血压前期的影响因素,其中,中心性肥胖和超重或肥胖是高血压前期的主要影响因素,OR值分别为2.52和1.17。高血压前期人群对＂高血压的诊断标准＂知晓率（87.6%）、＂成年人正常的血压值＂（84.1%）以及＂高血压是否为终身疾病＂的知晓率（89.7%）高于正常血压组人群知晓率（分别为84.8%、79.6%和84.9%）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。典型相关分析结果表明,主食摄入量越多,腰围越大;蔬菜摄入量越多,收缩压越低。结论苏南地区高血压前期患病率比较高,高血压前期人群主要受生活方式的影响,应加强对人群的健康教育,积极改变不良的生活方式,提高居民的生活质量。

Investigation on pre-hypertension in urban residents in southern part of Jiangsu province

Objective To investigate the distribution and risk factors of pre-hypertension in urban residents in southern part of Jiangsu province and to provide the basis for preventing and controlling the hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Methods The residents older than 20 years old from 6 sub-districts were selected by random cluster sampling as the subjects. The investigation was conducted by questionnaire and measuring height, weight, blood pressure, waist. Results The morbidity of pre- hypertension in southern part of Jiangsu province was 57.0%, male morbidity （53.1%） was significantly higher than female morbidity （46.9%,P〈0.01 ）. The morbidity of hypertension in southern part of Jiangsu province was 11.8%. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that gender, age, education level, abdominal obesity, overweight or obesity were the influencing factors of pre- hypertension. The abdominal obesity, overweight or obesity were main influencing factors of pre-hypertension, OR values were 2.52 and 1.17, respectively. The awareness rates of ＂diagnostic criteria of hypertension＂, ＂normal blood pressure values of adults＂ and ＂whether hypertension is lifelong disease＂ in residents with pre-hypertension was 87.6%, 84.1% and 89.7%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those （84.8%, 79.6% and 84.9%, respectively） in residents with hypertension （P〈0.05, P〈0.01 ）. The canonical correlation analysis revealed that the more the staple food intake was the bigger the waist circumference was, the more the vegetable intake was the lower the systolic blood pressure was. Conclusion The morbidity of per-hypertension is high in southern part of Jiangsu province, the main influencing factors of per-hypertension is lifestyle, the health education should be strengthened to change the unhealthy habits and to improve the life quality of residents.