武汉市东西湖区社区疾病调查与分析

目的调查分析社区不同年龄成年人群疾病发病情况,绘制疾病谱,为社区人群疾病防治及生活干预提供科学依据。方法由经过严格培训的专业医务人员,采用武汉市卫生局统一制定的武汉市居民健康档案,通过入户调查方法,对东西湖区吴家山街常驻居民进行调查,对该区年龄18岁及以上的6199名成人的既往史和家族史进行了统计。结果总的患病率为25.44%,男性患病率为24.16%,女性患病率为26.65%。本社区疾病患病率居前10位的分别为循环系统疾病、消化系统、内分泌与代谢疾病、生殖、外伤、风湿骨病、泌尿系统、传染性疾病、肿瘤、慢性肺部疾病。结论影响本地区成年居民的主要疾病为心脑血管疾病、消化和内分泌代谢疾病,与全国大多数城市地区疾病谱一致,但肿瘤、精神类疾病上升较快,而传统的呼吸系统疾病和感染类疾病排位明显下降,这要求相关部门在制定相关的干预措施。改善医疗环境。同时开展广泛的社区健康教育活动,做好对主要疾病的三级预防工作。

Spectrum of Disease Analysis in Wuhan Dongxihu district

Objective To investigate and analyze the general situation of commonly encountered disease among residents in Wuhan Dongxihu district, rendering spectrum of disease of this district, and provide scientific basis for the establishment of commonly encountered disease control and prevention strategies. Methods All inquirers were trained before the investigation, retrospective investigation were performed with residents health archives made by Wuhan Health Bureau by in-home survey. Results 6199 residents above 18 years old were investigated, the prevalence was 25.44%, and the prevalence for male was 24.16% and that for female was 26.65%; The top ten prevalence of diseases includes circulatory system disease, digestive system diseases, endocrine and metabolic diseases, genital system diseases, trauma disease, rheumatism and joint diseases, urinary system diseases, communicable diseases, tumor and chronic pulmonary disease. Conclusion The main diseases affect the health of residents in Wuhan Dongxihu district including circulatory system disease, digestive system diseases, endocrine and metabolic diseases, prevalence of them were as high as most large city in China. Tumor and mental disorder were more than before; tradition disease such as chronic pulmonary disease and infectious diseases were less than before. Related department should take corresponding measures to improve the medical environment, carry out health education about commonly encountered disease in community and carry out three levels of prevention.