Rehabilitation practices for burn survivors in low and middle income countries: A literature review

Objective

To systematically review the delivery and effectiveness of rehabilitation for burn survivors in low and middle income countries (LMIC).

Methods

We systematically searched the literature through 11 electronic databases and the reference lists of relevant studies. Studies were suitable for inclusion if they were primary research with a focus on burns rehabilitation in LMIC settings describing either service delivery or treatment effectiveness. No time, design or other limitations were applied, except English language.

Results

Of 226 studies identified, 17 were included in the final review, including 7 from India. The results were summarised in a narrative synthesis as the studies had substantial heterogeneity and small sample sizes, with many relying on retrospective data from non-representative samples with no control groups. Most studies (12) described service delivery and 5 examined the effectiveness of different types of rehabilitation. Multiple studies stressed the need for rehabilitation and multidisciplinary teams for burns management.

Conclusions

The published research on burns rehabilitation is very limited and little is known about current practices in LMIC settings. In order to inform policy and service delivery, the effectiveness, feasibility and sustainability of current services needs to be investigated.