全口义齿患者的咀嚼力测试研究

目的:测量并分析比较无牙颌患者戴全口义齿后,咀嚼不同食物时的咀嚼力各参数值.方法:采用自行研制的微机化多功能(牙合)力仪,测量戴全口义齿的患者在咀嚼等量花生米及饼干时的咀嚼力总值、均值与咀嚼频率、两种食物的破碎力及吞咽力.结果:全口义齿患者破碎花生米需用47.25N(4.82Kg)力,而破碎饼干则需29.12N(2.97Kg)力;嚼细后的花生米、饼干所需吞咽力分别为51.91N(5.19Kg)、49.88N(5.09Kg),两者无统计学差异;无论是整个咀嚼周期内还是咀嚼开始后10秒内,全口义齿患者咀嚼花生米用力均大于等量饼干所需力,经统计学分析,两者间差异有显著性.单位时间内咀嚼花生米次数(咀嚼频率)亦大于饼干,两者间差异存在显著性.结论:全口义齿患者咀嚼力大小与食物本身硬度有关,而嚼细后被吞咽的力则几乎不受食物性质的影响;全口义齿患者辨别食物结构的特点,与天然牙列者相似.

A study on the chewing forces of the patients with complete dentures

Objective: To measure and analyze parameters of chewing forces of the patients with complete denturewhile chewing different foods. Methods: The total chewing force, chewing time and frequency, broken and swallowingforces were measured by self-developed occlusal device while chewing peanuts and biscuits. Results: Broken forces ofchewing peanuts and biscuits were respectively 47.25N (4.82Kg) and 29.12N(2.97Kg), and swallowing forces wererespectively 51.91N(5.19Kg) and 49.88N(5.09Kg), there were no significant statistical differences. The force of chewingpeanuts in the complete denture wearers were greater than chewing biscuits of the same weight, no mater in the wholechewing cycle or 10 min after the freguency of chewing peanuts was higher than that of chwing biscuits, which was stctistically different . Conclusions: The chewing forces of complete denture wearers are related to food rigidity, while theswallowing forces are not affected by the property of the foodstuff, and the characteristics of complete denture wearers todifferent foods are similar to the nature teeth.