北京三级甲等医院新护士心理健康状况与工作压力源调查

目的探讨新护士工作压力源与心理健康状况的相关性，为护理管理措施的制定提供相关依据。方法采用问卷调查法，对北京市3家三级甲等医院155名工作不满1年新护士，采用护士工作压力源量表和症状自评量表（SCL-90）进行测评，对其结果进行相关性分析。结果新护士的心理健康总分（53．03±46．33）与常模总分（129．96±38．76）比较，差异无统计学意义（t=1．631，P〉0．05）。在临床新护士工作压力源项目方面，工作量及时间分配问题得分最高为（2．71±0．71）分，其次是护理专业及工作方面的问题，得分为（2．51±0．61）。新护士工作压力源各个因子与心理健康状态（即SCL-90总分）呈正相关（P〈0．01）；新护士值夜班与压力源呈正相关。新护士倒夜班数与工作量和护理专业方面带来的压力之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），其余各项均无明显差异。不同科室护士在“工作量”“工作环境”及“管理及人际关系”等压力源及压力源总分方面比较，差异有统计学意义（F值分别为3．06，0．7254，2．920，2．920；P〈0．01）。结论工作方面的压力对新护士的心理健康状况有着重要的影响作用，管理者应积极采取相应的措施，减轻新护士的工作压力，同时关注新护士的心理需求，使其保持健康的心理状态。

Investigation of psychological healthy status and stress origins among new nurses in grade A hospital of Beijing

Objective To study the relationship between psychological healthy status and stress origins among new nurses from grade A class 3 hospital of Beijing so as to provide relevance evidence for nursing management. Methods Totals of 155 new nurses that working time less than one year in three grade A hospitals were investigated with Nurses Stress Origins （NJSI） and Self-rating Symptom Scale （ SCL-90 ）. Results The main stress origin of new nurses was the allocation between working time and workload,with the score （2.71± 0.71 ） , and the problem of nursing specialty and work was followed with the score （2.51 ±0.61 ）. The average score of psychological healthy was （53.03 ± 46.33 ） and that of normal sample was （ 129.96 ± 38.76 ）, and the difference was statistically significant （ t = 1. 631, P 〈 0.05 ）. Every factor of nurses stress origins was positively correlated with psychological healthy status. The night shift was positively correlated with nurses stress origins. The difference was statistically significant between the numbers of work shift along with workload and nurses stress origins from speciality. There were statistically difference in work load, working environment, managements and interpersonal relationship between different departments （ F = 3.06,0. 7254, 2. 920, 2.920, respectively;P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions New nurses ＇ stress origins have important influence on their psychological healthy status. Nurses managers should take relevance measures to relieve their work stress and pay attention to psychological need of new nurses to keep their health.