Cytological diagnosis of pulmonary nocardiosis in an immunocompromised patient

We report a case of pulmonary nocardiosis in an immunosuppressed patient having vasculitis who presented with fever, cough and chest pain. A suspicion of nocardiosis was made on auramine O staining of material procured by CT guided fine needle aspiration cytology right lung. Modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining was useful in confirming the diagnosis. The patient showed remarkable recovery after treatment with co-trimoxazole. Quick identification of this uncommon pathogen in the cytological material using special stains helped in timely diagnosis and successful treatment of the patient.