变应性鼻炎鼻粘膜嗜酸粒细胞脱颗粒透射电镜观察

为研究变应性鼻炎鼻粘膜嗜酸粒细胞（ＥＯＳ）超微结构，从临床确诊为常年性变应性鼻炎（ＰＡＲ，ｎ＝１３）、花粉症（ＰＳ，ｎ＝９）和健康对照（ｎ＝３）鼻粘膜取活组织检查标本，除常规组织病理学检查外，重点观察ＥＯＳ脱颗粒的超微结构改变。ＰＡＲ和ＰＳ患者的鼻粘膜除不同程度的炎性反应外，均有明显的ＥＯＳ浸润。缓解期鼻粘膜ＥＯＳ胞膜完整、无突起，胞浆颗粒密度一致、中心键（ｃｒｙｓｔａｌｏｉｄ）清晰，胞浆无空泡化，为静息期ＥＯＳ。发作期鼻粘膜ＥＯＳ胞膜多不完整，伸出较多伪足，伪足中含有颗粒，胞浆空泡化明显，颗粒密度不一，中心键常脱失，为活化期ＥＯＳ。此外，尚可见大量的肥大细胞（ＭＣ）及Ｔ淋巴细胞浸润。ＥＯＳ与ＭＣ及Ｔ淋巴细胞的相互作用在变应性鼻炎的发生、发展中起重要作用。

Transmission electron microscopic study on eosinophil degranulation in nasal mucosa in allergic rhinitis

To observe the ultrastructure of eosinophil ( EOS) degranulation in nasal mucosa in allergic rhinitis, nasal mucosa biopsies from patients with perennial allergic rhinitis( PAR, n = 13) pollinosis (PS, n =9) subjects and normal controls( n =3) were processed and the ultrastructure changes of EOS degranulation were examined under transmission electron microscope and routine histopathological observation. The ultrastructure of EOS degranulation in nasal mucosa collected from PAR and PS patients in their remission period differed from that in their attacking period,though there was no distinct differences in the distribution patterns of EOS. Increased cell membrane projections, eminent cytoplasm vacuolization, inconsistent density of granules with its crystalloid being lost, plus tissue edema and damage of collagen fibers in adjacent areas of degranulating EOS were among the most important ultrastructural changes of EOS in attacking period. The interrelations of EOS, mast cells (MC) and T lymphocytes play important roles in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.