洛阳市女性尿失禁的流行病学调查

目的通过对洛阳市女性尿失禁的流行病学调查，探讨洛阳市女性尿失禁的患病现状及临床特点。方法2005年10月至2007年9月，采取整层随机抽样法对洛阳市4041例女性（12～88岁）进行《女性尿失禁症状调查问卷》（自行设计）。本调查遵循的程序符合河南科技大学第三附属医院洛阳东方医院人体试验委员会所制定的伦理学标准，得到该委员会批准，本着自愿的原则，取得受试对象的知情同意。结果洛阳市4041例被调查女性《女性尿失禁症状调查问卷》显示，①尿失禁患病率为31.33％（1266／4041），且患病率随年龄增加而升高（Х^=408．7606，P=0．000）。②压力性尿失禁（stress urinary incontinence，SUI）、急迫性尿失禁（urge urinary incontinence，UUI）和混合性尿失禁（mixed urinary incontinence，MUI）的患病率分别为22．84％，3．34％，5．15％，构成比分别为72．91％，10．66％，16．43％。③随着体重指数（body mass index，BMI）升高，尿失禁患病率逐渐升高（t=4．572，P=0．000）。本组尿失禁患者和非尿失禁者体重指数比较，差异有显著意义（P〈0．001）。④尿失禁患者认为，该病对其生活质量造成影响的占被调查人数26．05％；对其社会活动有影响的占尿失禁总人数的47．79％（605／1266），对社会心理有影响的占23．85％（302／1266），对二者均有影响的占11．93％（151／1266）。本组尿失禁患者认为尿失禁疾病是自然现象为54．19％（523／965），不知该怎么办为28．08％（271／965），感到很痛苦为12．33％（119／965），经济原因之故为5．40％（52／965），进行治疗和有就诊意向为15．96％（113／708）。结论洛阳市女性尿失禁患病率较高，年龄、体重指数与其患病情况明显相关，影响患者生活质量。本组患者对该病了解认识不够，就诊率较低，尚需积极宣传尿失禁相关知识，提高就诊率，改善患者的生活质量。

Prevalence of Female Urinary Incontinence in Luoyang

Objective To explore the prevalence and clinical features of female urinary incontinence （UI） by the method of epidemiological survey in Luoyang. Methods We adopted cluster random sampling method to investigate the female aged from 12 to 88 years old in Luoyang by Female Urinary Incontinence Symptoms Questionnaires （self-designed） from October 2005 to September 2007. The procedure of this investigation followed the ethics standard established by the committee of human trials of Luoyang Dongfang Hospital, Third Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology. Informed consent was obtained from all participates. Results OThe prevalence rate of female urinary incontinence was 31. 33% in Luoyang, and the prevalence rate increased with the growth of age（Х^2 = 408. 7606, P= 0. 000）. ②The prevalence rate of female stress urinary incontinence （SUI）, urge urinary incontinence （UUI） and mixed urinary incontinence （MUD were 22.84%, 3.34% and 5. 15% in Luoyang. The composition ratios were 72.91%, 10.66% and 16.43 %, respectively. ③The prevalence rate of urinary incontinence increased with body mass index （BMI） in this investigation. Compared with the body mass index of urinary incontinence group and non-urinary incontinence group, the difference was significant （t=4. 572, P=0. 000）. ④Among all the patients with urinary incontinence, 26. 05% thought that urinary incontinence affected their life quality, 47.79% （605/1 266） thought that urinary incontinence affected their social activities, 23. 85 （302/1 266） hold that urinary incontinence impacted their psychology. 11.93% （151/1 266） thought that urinary incontinence affected both their social activities and psychology. 54. 19% （523/965） of the total patients with urinary incontinence thought that this disease was a natural phenomenon, 28.08% （271/965） didn＇t know how to deal with it, and 12.33% （119/965） felt heavily suffered. A total of 5.40% （52/965） patients thought it caused by the economic reasons, and 15.96 % （113/708） were treated or pretend to go to doctor. Conclusion The prevalence rate of female urinary incontinence was high in Luoyang, which related to the age and body mass index according to this investigation. It is a serious disease that affects the life quality of female urinary incontinence patients who only know a little. More attention should be paid to propagandizing and educating the scientific knowledge of urinary incontinence.