军事训练膝关节应力性损伤部分风险因素探讨

目的：探讨军事训练膝关节应力性损伤的组织特点、风险因素评估、发病及流行趋势。方法：回顾性分析我院2010-12-2012-12军事训练膝关节应力性损伤患者的MR资料共计99例,102个膝关节,对每一例膝关节MR图像的组织结构及信号强度进行分析、比较,根据不同性别、不同年龄组膝关节组织损伤的不同例数进行统计分析。结果：前交叉韧带98例,关节腔积液76例,胫骨近端42例,股骨远端38例,内侧副韧带34例,后交叉韧带31例,外侧副韧带24例,内侧半月板18例,外侧半月板11例。采用SPSS13.0统计学软件,方差分析方法,不同性别膝关节组织损伤病例数之间有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;不同年龄组膝关节组织损伤病例数之间无显著差异性（P〉0.05）;两两比较,〈20岁人群中的部分组织病例数具有差异性。结论：膝关节应力性损伤的风险因素与年龄、性别、训练科目等因素有关,前交叉韧带损伤发生频度最高,其次是滑膜,组织的损伤与不同的应力作用方式有关。

Some risk factors of knee joint stress injury occurred in military training

Objective：To investigate mobidity, prevalence trends, tissue features of knee joint stress inju- ry occurred in military training, and to evaluate the risk factors. Methods： MR data of 99 patients with knee joint stress injury occurred in military training enrolled in our section from October 2010 to December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Tissue structures and signal intensity of MR images of 102 knee joints were analyzed and compared. According to different gender and age, statistic analyses were performed. Results： A total of 98 cases of injury occured in anterior cruciate ligament, with 76 cases in articular cavity, 42 cases in proximal tibia, 38 cases in distal femur, 34 cases in medial collateral ligament, 31 cases in posterior cruciate ligament, 24 cases in lateral collateral ligament, 18 cases in medial meniscus, and 11 cases in lateral meniscus. There was significant difference in cases number between the male group and female group （P〈0.05）. There was no difference in cases number between different age groups （P〉0.05）. But significant differences were found between〈20 year-old group and 20-25 year-old group, or 〈20 year-old group and〉25 year-old group in patients whose injury occurred in anterior cruciate ligament or with articular cavity hydrops. Conclusion： Age, gender, training subjects probably are the risk factors of knee joint stress injury. Anterior cruciate ligament injury is found with the highest frequence while the next is synovium injury. Tissue injury is relevant to different types of stress action.