甘草规范化种植体系研究与生态种植策略建议

以建立高品质甘草林下规范化生态种植技术体系为指导,探索甘草林下生态种植的技术体系核心问题与关键技术,并进一步探讨了甘草产业的发展方向。通过实地调研对甘草生态种植的问题与现状进行归纳整理,对不同产地甘草种子种苗进行质量评价,对甘草生产过程的关键技术进行研究,在传统大田种植的基础上进行改进与修正。研究结果表明,“国甘1号”“蒙种2代”和新疆北屯的甘草可作为科尔沁地区的优质种源。推进甘草种植过程机械化可缓解甘草规模化产业生产劳动力缺乏,提升产地加工水平。在不同种植密度和施肥处理下,甘草适宜种植密度为20~25 cm,适宜底肥为有机肥,可追施一定量的钾肥和磷肥。甘草林下规范化生态种植在一定程度上解决了甘草种植侵占农田、与退耕还林政策冲突等问题,是甘草增产增效的有效手段。同时,推动甘草产地初加工的发展,对打造甘草产业生态化、信息化和品牌化,以及经济效益的提高具有促进作用。

Standardized Planting System of Licorice and Ecological Planting Strategy

Guided by the establishment of a high-quality standardized ecological planting technology system for licorice under-forest ecological intercropping, this study explored the core issues and key technologies of licorice under-forest ecological planting technology system and further discussed the development direction of the licorice industry. Through field research, the problems and current situation of ecological planting of licorice were summarized. The quality of licorice seeds and seedlings from different producing areas was evaluated, and key technologies in the production process of licorice were investigated to improve and modify the traditional field planting methods. The research results showed that "Guogan No. 1" "Mengzhong 2^nd Generation", and licorice from Beitun, Xinjiang could be used as high-quality sources for the Keerqin region. Promoting the mechanization of licorice planting could alleviate the shortage of labor in the large-scale production of the licorice industry and improve the processing level at the production site. Under different planting densities and fertilization treatments, the appropriate planting density for licorice was 20-25 cm, and organic fertilizer was suitable as the base fertilizer, with a certain amount of potassium and phosphate fertilizer applied as topdressing. Licorice under-forest standardized ecological planting can partially solve the problems of farmland encroachment and conflicts with policies on returning farmland to forests, serving as an effective means to increase production and efficiency in the licorice industry. At the same time, promoting the development of initial processing in licorice production areas is of great significance for building an ecological, informalized, and branded licorice industry, as well as improving economic benefits.