新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下某市医护人员社会支持现状及影响因素分析

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下医护人员的社会支持现状并探索其影响因素,为改善医护人员社会支持,提高其身心健康水平提供科学依据。方法采用一般资料调查表、社会支持评定量表对泰州市内6所二级及以上医院的707名医护人员进行网络问卷调查,了解医护人员疫情下的社会支持现状。采用单因素分析和二分类logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果问卷有效回收率为98.16%。694例医护人员社会支持量表总分(35.20±7.33)分,与国内常模(34.56±3.73)分比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.335)。年龄大、职称高、家庭人均收入高、已婚的医护人员,其社会支持总分、主观支持维度、客观支持维度得分均高于其他人员(P<0.05);无新冠肺炎恐惧感、无自觉无用感、睡眠质量高的医护人员的社会支持总分、主观支持维度、客观支持维度、支持利用度维度得分高于其他人群(P<0.05)。医务人员低水平社会支持影响因素分析结果显示,已婚(OR=0.25,95%CI:0.10~0.62)、睡眠质量高(OR=0.34,95%CI:0.11~1.00)是低水平社会支持的保护因素;自觉无用感(OR=2.59,95%CI:0.93~7.19)是低水平社会支持的危险因素。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下医护人员得到了应有的社会支持,应着重关注未婚/离异、睡眠质量差、自觉无用感较强的医护人员的社会支持情况,以满足医护人员身心健康需求。

Current status and influencing factors of social support among medical staff under the COVID-19 epidemic

Objective To understand the current status of social support for medical staff in the epidemic of the corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)and explore its influencing factors,in order to improve the social support of medical staff and provide a scientific basis for improving their physical and mental health.Methods General information questionnaires and social support rating scale(SSRS)were used to conduct an online questionnaire survey on 707 medical staff in 6 secondary and higher hospitals in Taizhou to understand the current social support status of medical staff in the epidemic situation.Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results The recovery rate of the effective questionnaires was 98.16%,and the total score of the social support scale of 694 medical staff was(35.20±7.33),which was not statistically different from the domestic norm score(34.56±3.73)(P=0.335).Medical staff with old age,high professional title and high family income per capita and married had higher total scores of social support,subjective support dimensions,and objective support dimensions than others(P<0.05);the total score of social support,the scores of subjective support dimension and objective support dimension,and support utilization dimension score of medical staff without fear of new coronary pneumonia,without sense of conscious uselessness,and with high sleep quality were higher than those in other groups(P<0.05).The analysis results of the influencing factors of low-level social support of medical staff showed that married medical workers(OR=0.25,95%CI:0.10-0.62)and those with high sleep quality(OR=0.34,95%CI:0.11-1.00)were less likely to obtain low level of social support,which was a protective factor.Conscious uselessness(OR=2.59,95%CI:0.93-7.19)was a risk factor.Conclusion Under the epidemic situation,medical staff had received due social support,and there were many influencing factors.Emphasis should be placed on the social support of medical staff who are unmarried/divorced,poor sleep quality or have a strong sense of uselessness to better meet the needs of their physical and mental health.