老年及老年前期耳鸣患者耳鸣残疾度量化表问卷评估

目的 研究老年前期及老年期患者的耳鸣对其情绪的影响,评估耳鸣残疾度,试图发现老年患者群中耳鸣的临床特征.方法 主诉耳鸣患者60例,其中男性37例,女性23例,平均年龄65.1±11.3岁.根据年龄将患者分为两组:老年组(60岁以上组)35例,男22例,女13例;老年前期组(49～59岁组)25例,男14例,女11例.使用问卷对患者进行病史调查和耳鸣残疾度量化评估.结果 在受调查患者中,78.3%(47/60)自觉有听力损失,2例使用助听器,8.3%(5/60)自诉有耳病史,38.3%(23/60)有噪声接触史,63.3%(38/60)伴发其他疾病,老年组伴发其他疾病的比例较高.60例患者中.耳鸣残疾1级38例,占63.3%,2级12例,占20%,3级5例,占8.3%,4级2例,占3.3%,5级3例,占5%.两组患者各自的分级构成无统计学差异(P=0.604).两组之间3类问题功能性(P=0.164)、情绪性(P=0.21 3)、灾难性(P=0.111)无统计学差异.结论 耳鸣所造成的主观影响在老年人群中很明显.对于老年及老年前期患者,加强针对耳鸣的心理和情绪性调节非常重要.

A Survey of the Elderly and Young Elderly Tinnitus Patients with Tinnitus Handicap Inventory

objective To study the influence of tinnitus on the emotions of the elderly and young elderly patients and to find out the clinical characteristics of tinnitus in elderly patients. Methods 60 patients with tinnitus were involved in the survey （37 males and 23 females）. The mean age was 65.1 ± 11.3 years old. The patients were divided into two groups： the elderly group （older than 60 years old） including 35 patients （22 males and 13 females） and the young elderly group （49 to 59 years old） including 25 patients （14 males and 11 females）. The medical histories of the patients were surveyed and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory was used to measure the degree of tinnitus. Results Among the patients investigated, 78.3% of cases （47/60） complained of hearing loss and 2 cases worn hearing aids, 8.3%（5/60）reported ear disease history, 38.3% （23/60） reported a history of exposure to noise, and 63.3% （38/60） had other diseases. The proportion of tinnitus patients with other diseases in elderly group was higher than that in young elderly group. In all the 60 patients, 38 cases were with Grade 1 tinnitus （accounting for 63.3%）, 12 cases Grade 2 （20 %）, 5 cases Grade 3（8.3%）, 2 cases Grade 4 （3.3%） and 3 cases Grade 5 （5%）. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the constitution （P=0.604） and functional （P=0.164）, emotional （P=0.213） and catastrophic （P=0.111） categories. Conclusion The subjective impact of tinnitus is significant in the elderly. It is of great importance to strengthen the mental and emotional regulation for the elderly and young elderly tinnitus patients.