女性抑郁障碍复发患者的社会心理因素分析

目的探讨社会心理因素与女性抑郁障碍复发的关系,旨在为女性抑郁障碍复发患者的有效护理提供可靠依据。方法选择210名女性抑郁障碍复发患者（观察组）以及217名女性抑郁障碍未复发患者（对照组）,使用自制调查表统计患者一般情况,汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMA-17）评估其临床症状,社会支持评定量表（SSRS）、生活事件量表（LES）、艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）评定其社会心理因素,并进行对比分析及Logistic回归分析。结果（1）观察组女性年龄偏大,首次发病年龄偏小,家族史明显,伴有焦虑症状更明显（P〈0．05）;SSRS量表中,社会主观支持、客观支持因子分均显著低于对照组[（21．69±5．24）分比（23．18±4．80）分,（9．00±2．77）分比（9．70±3．14）分],差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为3．07,2．45;P均〈0．05）;LES量表中,总生活事件量、负性生活事件量均高于对照组[（46．25±18．38）分比（32．39±19．34）分,（37．01±16．04）分比（26．86±12．07）分],差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为2．04,2．02;P均〈0．05）;EPQ问卷中,神经质分（16．37±4．93）高于对照组（9．21±4．52）,内外向分（6．75±4．56）低于对照组（13．44±4．37）,差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为9．47,9．51;P均〈0．05）。（2）Logistic回归分析结果显示：婚姻状况、阳性家族史、负性生活事件、神经质人格以及客观支持是女性抑郁障碍患者复发的重要危险因素。结论女性抑郁障碍反复发作与其一般状况及社会心理因素有关,为心理护理干预的实施提供了理论依据。

Psychosocial factors of female patients with recurrent depression

Objective To investigate psychosocial factors in the recurrence of female depression, and provide reliable basis for effective nursing. Methods There were 210 female patients with recurrent depression （observational group） and 217 female patients with a history of depression （control group） who were adopted into the study. Self-made questionnaire was used to record their general conditions, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression （HAMA-17） was used to evaluate their clinical symptoms, Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）, Life Events Scale （LES）, and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） were used to determine their psychosocial factors, and relative analysis as well as logistic regression analysis was used during the process. Results （ 1 ） Compared with control group, observational group was older, but younger on first onset, had more evident family history, and more obvious anxiety symptoms （P 〈 0.05 ）. In SSRS, both social subjective and objective support factor scores of observational group were significantly lower than those of control group [ （21.69 ± 5.24） vs （23.18 ± 4.80）, （9.00 ± 2.77 ） vs （9.70 ± 3.14） ], and the differences were statistically significant （ t = 3.07,2.45, respectively ; P 〈 0.05 ）. In LES, the quantity of total life events and the quantity of negative life events in observational group were higher than those of control group [ （46.25 ± 18.38 ） vs （32.39 ± 19.34）, （37.01 ± 16.04 ） vs （26.86 ± 12.07 ） ±, and the differences were statistically significant （t =2.04,2.02, respectively;P 〈0.05）. In EPQ, the N factor score of observational group was （ 16.37 ± 4.93）, higher than that of control group （9.21 ±4.52）, and the E factor score of observational group was （6.75 ±4.56）, lower than that of control group （ 13.44 ± 4.37 ）, and both the differences were statistically significant （ t = 9.47,9.51, respectively ; P 〈 0.05 ）. （2） The logistic regression analysis showed that marital status, family heredity, negative life events, neurotic personality and objective support were major hazard factors for the recurrence of female depression. Conclusions Recurrent attacks of female depression are related to patients＇ general conditions as well as psychosocial factors, and the results of this study provide a theoretical foundation for the implementation of mental nursing intervention.