Prenatal and developmental effect of high molecular weight chitosan (HMWCS) to mice |
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| Authors: | Qinyuan Cheng Jiali Zhang Wenshui Xia |
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| Affiliation: | 1. INSERM, Centre d''Investigation Clinique - 1433 and Unité 1116, CHU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, and F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France;2. INSERM, Centre d''Investigations Cliniques- 1433, and Inserm U1116, CHU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Association Lorraine pour le Traitement de l''Insuffisance Rénale, and F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France;3. Campbell University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, NC, United States;4. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States;5. Scientific Advice Working Party European Medicines Agency, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare, NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom;6. Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States;7. Stony Brook Heart Institute, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States;8. Saint Luke''s Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States;9. Relypsa, Redwood City, CA, United States;10. University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, U942 Inserm, Paris, AP-HP, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Hôpitaux Universitaires Saint Louis-Lariboisière, Paris, France;11. ZS Pharma, Coppell, TX, United States;12. Institute of Investigation and Hypertension Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain;13. Division of Cardiovascular and Renal Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States;14. Statistics Collaborative, Inc., Washington, D.C., United States;15. University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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| Abstract: | High molecular weight chitosan (HMWCS) is effective at hemostasis and wound healing, and will be potentially used on injured internal organs. To study its prenatal and developmental effect in vivo, forty-four ICR pregnant mice per group were singly injected intraperitoneally at 0, 125, 500 or 2000 mg/kg body weight, respectively, on gestation day 6 (GD6). Clinical signs, reproductive capacity, fetus and infant developments, and histopathological changes were then observed. The results showed that the treatment of HMWCS could decrease body weights and food consumptions, and induce diarrhea, vaginal bleeding, and some other adverse effects in F0 mice. For the emaciation and threatened abortion of pregnant mice, the numbers of live fetuses and early resorption were reduced significantly in HMWCS groups. However, the developments of F1 and F2 mice were not affected, except for lower weights of the body and some organs. In addition, the NOAEL of HMWCS in maternal toxicity was considered to be less than 125 mg/kg, and the NOAEL in developmental toxicity was 125 mg/kg. |
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