结直肠癌患者术后支持性照顾需求调查研究

目的：全面了解结直肠癌患者术后支持性照顾需求，为护理人员开展健康指导提供依据，也为护理管理者开展培训和继续教育提供方向。方法选择2012年3-7月在山西省肿瘤医院通过病理检查确诊的结直肠癌接受手术的161例患者，在澳大利亚Bonevski设计的癌症患者支持性照顾需求调查问卷的基础上增加未保肛患者适用的造口支持需求维度进行问卷调查，观察结直肠癌患者术后支持性照顾需求各维度的需求率和得分情况。结果患者6个维度平均需求率为79．12％，平均未满足率为78．63％。患者心理需求得分为（2．71±0．56）分，照顾与支持需求得分为（2．66±0．46）分，生理及日常生活需求为（2．25±0．67）分，健康信息需求得分为（1．94±0．67）分，性需求得分为（1．88±1．25）分，造口需求得分为（0．66±1．18）分。术后支持性照顾需求各维度得分比较差异有统计学意义（F＝867．81， P＜0．05）。结论护理人员应全面了解患者的需求，及时调整护理服务内容。护理管理者应根据患者需求进行护士的继续教育工作，才能有利于护理学科的发展。

Investigation of the supportive care for postoperative patients with colorectal cancer

Objective To get a comprehensive understanding of the supportive care needs of postoperative patients with colorectal cancer , and to provide the basis to carry out health guidance for nursing staff.Methods Totals of 161 patients with colorectal cancer were chosen from March to July , 2012.Based on the Australian Bonevski ’ s supportive care needs survey （ SCNS ） , a self-design questionnaire including six demand dimensions and seventy items was used in the research .Results The mean rate of need of the six dimensions was 79.12%and the unsatisfied need rate was 78.63%.The score of mental need , need of care and support , need of physical and daily life , need of the healthcare information , the need of sexual life and the need of stoma were （2.71 ±0.56）, （2.66 ±0.46）, （2.25 ±0.67）, （1.94 ±0.67）, （1.88 ±1.25） and （0.66 ±1.18）, respectively.The postoperative care need among each dimension was significantly different （F=867.81, P〈0.05）.Conclusions The nursing staff should comprehensively understand the patient ’ s demand and adjust the nursing service timely .Nursing managers should carry out continuing education of nurses based on patients ’ demand, to promote the development of nursing science .