自我效能和领悟社会支持在急危重症室护士应激、适应不良感中的效应分析

目的：探讨急危重症室护士群体自我效能感、领悟社会支持水平在应激和适应中的效应。方法采用便利抽样的方法，对446名急诊和重症监护室护士进行问卷调查。调查工具主要包括：一般资料问卷、一般自我效能感量表（GSES）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）、普遍适应不良感量表（Gm）和中国护士应激源量表（ CNSS）。结果急危重症室护士的普遍适应不良感与自我效能感、领悟社会支持之间呈负相关（r值分别为-0．205，-0．333；P＜0．05），与应激之间呈正相关（r＝0．466，P＜0．05）。急危重症室护士的自我效能感在应激和适应之间的中介效应显著（P＜0．05）；急危重症室护士的领悟社会支持在应激和适应之间的中介和调节效应显著（P＜0．05）。结论急危重症室护士群体中应激反应可通过影响个体自我效能间接产生适应不良，领悟社会支持感可缓解应激反应对适应不良的影响。

Moderate functioning mechanisms of self-efficacy and perceived social support between stress and maladjustment among intensive nurses

Objective To explore the relationship between functioning mechanisms of self-efficacy and perceived social support in stress and maladjustment among intensive nurses .Methods A total of 446 intensive nurses were assessed by general information questionnaire , General Self-efficacy Scale（GSES）, Perceived Social Support Scale （ PSSS ） , General Maladjustment Scale （ Gm ） , and Chinese Nurse Stressor Scale （ CNSS ） . Results The scores of Gm were positively correlated with the scores of CNSS （r =0.466,P 〈0.05）, and negatively correlated with the scores of GSES and PSSS （ r=-0.205,-0.333,respectively;P〈0.05）.Self-efficacy had an obvious effect on mediating between stress and maladjustment （ P 〈0.05）.Perceived social support had an obvious effect on mediating and moderating between stress and maladjustment （ P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Self-efficacy among intensive nurses can mediate the effects of stress on maladjustment .Perceived social support can mediate and adjust the effects of stress on maladjustment .