老年人家庭照顾者身体健康状况与照顾负担的关系分析

目的：探讨老年人家庭照顾者自身的身体健康状况及与照顾负担的关系。方法采用Zarit照顾者负担量表调查1517名老年人家庭照顾者负担情况，同时调查人口学资料及健康状况，分析不同健康状况的老年人家庭照顾者的照顾负担情况。结果本次调查的老年人家庭照顾者中有61．0％（926/1517）有明确诊断的疾病，77．5％有自我感觉不适症状，10．8％自我健康评价水平低。926名有疾病的老年人家庭照顾者中轻、中、重度照顾负担的比例分别为35．3％，18．5％，4．4％，高于无明确诊断疾病者（分别为31．5％，10．7％，2．7％），差异有统计学意义（Z＝-5．632，P＜0．01）。有自我感觉不适症状的老年人家庭照顾者轻、中、重度照顾负担分别为35．7％，16．7％，4．4％，高于无症状者（分别为27.5％，11．1％，1．5％），差异有统计学意义（Z＝-5．573，P＜0．01）。不同自我健康评价水平的老年人家庭照顾者间差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论身体健康状况差的老年人家庭照顾者照顾负担重，护理人员应重视其身体健康状况，提供照顾相关知识和技能，缓解照顾压力。

Correlation of the health status and care burden of family caregivers for elderly

Objective To explore the health status of family caregivers for elderly and the correlation with the care burden.Methods One thousand five hundred and seventeen patients were surveyed by the Zarit＆#39;s caregiver burden scale , demographic data and health status , and the burden status of different family caregivers for the elderly was analyzed .Results The percent of the family caregivers for the elderly with the definite diagnosis of disease was 61.0% （926/1 517）, and the percent of caregivers with self-sensation uncomfortable was 77.5%,＆amp;nbsp;and the percent of caregivers with a low self-health evaluation was 10.8%.The percents of mild , moderate and severe care burden in 926 family caregivers for the elderly with the definite diagnosis of disease were respectively 35.3%,18.5%,4.4%, and were higher than 31.5%,10.7%,2.7% in the caregivers without the definite diagnosis of disease, and the difference was statistically significant （Z=-5.632,P〈0.01）.The percents of mild, moderate and severe care burden in the family caregivers for the elderly with self-sensation uncomfortable were respectively 35.7%,16.7%,4.4%, and were higher than 27.5%,11.1%,1.5% in the caregivers without the symptoms, and the difference was statistically significant （Z=-5.573,P〈0.01）.No difference was found in the mild , moderate and severe care burden in the family caregivers for the elderly with the difference level of health evaluation （P〉0.05）.Conclusions The family caregivers for the elderly in poor health status bear the heavy burden of care , and the caregivers should pay more attention to their health status , and provide the related knowledge and skills , and alleviate the nursing pressure .