应用PCR-SSCP银染法检测肺癌p53基因的突变

目的：探索并建立一套适用于临床检测的ｐ５３基因突变的分析方法，探讨肺癌发生发展与ｐ５３基因突变的关系，为临床诊断和治疗提供分子依据。方法：采用ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ银染法对２２例肺癌患者ｐ５３基因的第６、第７外显子进行分析。结果：全部患者组织标本经ＰＣＲ扩增，均获得特异的ｐ５３基因扩增产物，进一步对第６第７外显子应用ＳＳＣＰ进行突变分析，不同组织类型肺癌的ｐ５３基因突变率各不相同，第７外显子的突变率（２７．３％）高于第６外显子（９．１％）。结论：ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ银染法是适于肺癌患者ｐ５３基因突变分析的简捷、快速而可靠的检测方法，通过进一步研究，将为肺癌的早期诊断、鉴别诊断和预后判断提供有价值的分子指标。

Study on Mutations of p53 Gene in Lung Cancer by PCR SSCP Silver Staining

Objective: The aim of this study was to set up a method to analyse the mutations of p53 gene for clinical assay,to study the relation of p53 gene to the development of lung cancer,and to supply molecular base for clinical diagnosis and therapy.Methods: The mutations of p53 gene exons 6-7 of 22 human lung cancer samples were assayed by PCR SSCP silver staining.Results: In all the samples tested,the p53 gene could be analysed by SSCP silver staining.Different types of lung cancer had different mutation rate of p53 gene.p53 exon (27.3%) had a higher mutation rate than p53 gene exon 6(9.1%) in lung cancer tissues.Conclusion: PCR SSCP silver staining approach is one of the most convenient,rapid and reliable measurement for screening the mutations of p53 gene in lung cancer patients.After further study,it might be used to provide valuable molecular marker for early diagnosis,distinguishing diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer.