武威市食源性疾病病例实验室检测结果分析及耐药监测结果

目的分析武威市449例食源性疾病病例实验室检验结果,了解本市食源性疾病发病原因及流行趋势,为采取相应的风险监管提供科学依据;了解致病菌抗生素敏感情况,为合理用药提供依据。方法按照《2017年武威市食源性疾病监测计划》,对食源性疾病病例进行实验室检测、汇总和分析。结果共检出病原体57株(12.69%);其中诺如病毒38株(8.46%),致病菌19株(4.23%);致病菌中沙门菌检出率最高(2.90%);诺如病毒中以诺如病毒Ⅱ(8.46%)最高;男性检出率(15.75%)高于女性(8.72%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.92,P<0.05);诺如病毒检出率以春季最高,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=28.18,P<0.05);致病菌检出率以秋季最高,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=8.24,P<0.05);感染者主要集中在0岁~5岁年龄组;不同菌株之间耐药性体现差异大,不同抗生素对19种菌株所体现出的抑制作用也各不相同。结论继续加强食源性疾病监测力度,防止聚集性食物中毒事件的发生和暴发,加强各类抗生素管理、使用和敏感检测。

Analysis of laboratory test results and drug resistance monitoring results of foodborne diseases in Wuwei City

Objective To analyze the laboratory test results of 449 cases of foodborne diseases in Wuwei and understand the causes and epidemic trends of foodborne diseases in Wuwei,so as to provide scientific basis for taking corresponding risk supervision;to understand the susceptibility of pathogens and antibiotics and provide basis for rational drug use.Methods According to the 2017 Wuwei Food-borne Disease Monitoring Plan,the laboratory tests,summary and analysis were conducted on the cases of food-borne diseases.Results Among the 449 specimens of food-borne diseases,57 strains were detected,and the total positive rate was 12.69%.Among them,38 strains of Norovirus were detected,with the positive rate of 8.46%.Besides,19 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected,with the positive rate of pathogenic bacteria(4.23%);the detection rate of Salmonella was the highest in pathogenic bacteria(2.90%);the detection rate of Noro II in Norovirus was the highest(8.46%).And the male detection rate of pathogens(15.75%)was higher than that of females(8.72%),with the differences statistically significant(χ^2=4.92,P<0.05);the detection rate of Norovirus was the highest in spring,with the differences statistically significant(χ^2=28.18,P<0.05);the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was the highest in autumn,with the differences statistically significant(χ^2=8.24,P<0.05).The infected patients were at 0-5 years old.There were significant differences in drug resistance among different strains,and the inhibitory effects of different antibiotics on the 19 strains were also different.Conclusion The surveillance of foodborne diseases should be strengthened constantly in order to prevent the occurrence and outbreak of food poisoning.Besides,it is supposed to strengthen the management,use and sensitive detection of antibiotics.