国防生有自杀意念者心身健康状况及其危险因素的研究

目的探讨国防生有自杀意念者心身健康状况及其影响因素,以便有针对性的采取心理干预,提高其心身健康水平。方法随机整群抽取某高校国防生519名,采用《中国军人心身健康量表》测试心身健康水平,将第63条目＂有想死的念头＂得分等于1分定义为有自杀意念。同时采用《军人心理疾病预测量表》探讨其危险因素。结果国防生自杀意念的发生率为10.3%,除呼吸系、消化系和皮肤因子外,有自杀意念组心身健康量表总分、心理健康因子、躯体健康因子以及其余各因子分均显著高于无自杀意念组（P〈0.05或0.01）;相关分析的结果显示,有自杀意念者的焦虑、抑郁与其成长经历、个性内向、心理防御不良、社会支持缺乏呈显著正相关（r=0.277～0.666,P〈0.05或0.01）,个性内向、心理防御不良、社会支持缺乏、应激源与心身健康总分、心理健康因子分及躯体健康因子分亦呈显著正相关（r=0.292～0.691,P〈0.05或0.01）;经多元逐步回归分析发现,心理防御不良分别进入以有自杀意念者的心身健康总分、心理健康因子、躯体健康因子、焦虑及抑郁因子分为因变量的多元回归方程（P〈0.01）。结论国防生有自杀意念者心身健康状况较差,心理防御不良是自杀意念者心身健康状况的重要影响因素。

A study on the status and influential factors of psychosomatic health of national defense students with suicidal ideation

Objective To investigate the characters and influencing factors of psychosomatic health of national defense students with suicidal ideation, develop psychological intervention and improve the level of psychosomatic health. Methods By cluster random sampling,519 national defense students were tested by The Chinese Military Psychosomatic Health Scale （CMPHS） and The Military Mental Disorders Prediction Scale. The 63th item of CMPHS which individual has the ideal of thoughts of death and rates it 1 point defined as suicidal ideation. Results The occurrence of suicidal ideation in national defense students was 10. 3%. The total psychosomatic score, total mental score,total somatic score and each factor score of CMPHS （except for respiratory, digest and integument） of national defense students with suicidal ideate-on were significant higher than those without suicidal ideation （P 〈 0. 05 or 0.01 ）. Single factor correlation analysis showed that anxiety,depression of national defense students with suicidal ideation were significant positive correlated with their upbringing,introverted,immature defense mechanisms ,absence of social support （r =0. 277 ～ 0. 666,P 〈0. 05 or 0. 01 ）. The total psychosomatic score, total mental score, total somatic score were significant positive correlated with introverted personality, immature defense mechanisms, absence of social support and stressor （r = 0. 292 ～ 0.691,P 〈 O. 05 or 0.01 ）. While multiple regression analysis found that immature defense mechanisms was elected to the regression equation by the total psychosomatic score, total mental score,total somatic score,anxiety and depression （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The status of psychosomatic health of na- tional defense students with suicidal ideation was worst than those without suicidal ideation. Immature defense mecha- nisms were influential factor in psychosomatic health.