上海市人工流产妇女避孕节育状况调查

目的：了解上海市人工流产妇女的避孕节育现状，探讨人工流产对象避孕节育措施使用的影响因素。方法：2013年8月—10月在上海市4家医院对寻求人工流产服务的1 261例妇女进行匿名电子问卷调查。结果：近60%的流产对象为29岁及以下的妇女，未婚对象占32.6%；50%以上的对象属于重复流产。未婚者中未避孕的比例（48.0%）高于已婚者（33.9%），而避孕失败的比例（38.6%）低于已婚者（47.8%）。Logistic回归分析显示，已婚人工流产对象中，年龄较小者、性生活频率低者更倾向于不采取避孕措施；年轻、未婚、收入较高、有人工流产史者更倾向于使用紧急避孕药。结论：上海市人工流产妇女年龄构成年轻化，重复流产比例较高；采取避孕措施比例低与避孕失败比例高是非意愿妊娠的主要原因；人工流产对象避孕意识淡薄和避孕节育知识匮乏；应加强流产后保健服务和避孕措施尤其是紧急避孕药的使用方法指导。

Study on Contraceptive Use among Induced Abortion Women in Shanghai

Objective：To understand and analyze the situation of contraceptive use among women seeking abortions in Shanghai. Methods：The computer-assisted anonymous questionnaire was used to collect data among 1 261 women seeking abortions in 4 hospitals in Shanghai from August to October in 2013. Results：Nearly 60% of the respondents were under the age of 29 and 32.6% were unmarried. Over 50% of the respondents reported having abortion experiencｅｓ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ． Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｍａｒｒｉｅｄ ｗｏｍｅｎ， ｔｈｅ ｕｎｍａｒｒｉｅｄ ｗｏｍｅｎ ｈａｄ ａ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｐｒｏｐｏｒｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｕｎｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｅｄ ｉｎｔｅｒｃｏｕｒｓｅ（４８．０％ ｖｓ． ３３．９％） ａｎｄ ａ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｐｒｏｐｏｒｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｅｐｔｉｖｅ ｕｓｅ ｆａｉｌｕｒｅ（３８．６％ ｖｓ． ４７．８％）． Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ ｒｅｇｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｉｎｄｉｃａｔｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ｙｏｕｎｇｅｒ ｏｒ ｓｅｘｕａｌｌｙ ｉｎａｃｔｉｖｅ ｗｏｍｅｎ ｔｅｎｄｅｄ ｎｏｔ ｔｏ ｔａｋｅ ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｅｐｔｉｖｅ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｓ ａｍｏｎｇ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｍａｒｒｉｅｄ ｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｅｎｔｓ， ａｎｄ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｗｏｍｅｎ ｗｈｏ ｗｅｒｅ ｙｏｕｎｇ， ｕｎｍａｒｒｉｅｄ， ｗｉｔｈ ａ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｉｎｃｏｍｅ ｏｒ ａ ｈistory of abortion were more likely to use emergency contraception. Conclusions：Young women with high proportion of repeated abortion constituted the majority of respondents in Shanghai. Two main factors of unwanted pregnancy are the low proportion of contraceptive use and the high proportion of failure use of contraceptives. It is important to strengthen the post-abortion care services and the contraceptive education, especially to teach them how to use contraceptives, because those induced abortion women were lack of contraceptive precaution or knowledge.