剖宫产指征与高危因素分析

目的:了解2004年石河子市孕妇分娩方式、剖析剖宫产指征和高危因素,为指导合理的分娩方式提供依据。方法:对2004年石河子人民医院、石河子大学医学院第一附属医院、石河子妇幼保健院分娩记录共2620例进行分析。结果:①分娩方式中剖宫产率为56.87%,自然分娩占14.20%,会阴直切或侧切占26.22%,裂伤占2.21%,阴道手术产占0.05%。②剖宫产指征居于前4位的是要求手术、胎儿窘迫、臀位、头盆不称,居于前4位的高危因素是胎儿窘迫、妊高征、头盆不称、先兆子痫。③要求剖宫产的产妇中最主要的高危因素是脐带和羊水因素。④不同民族、住址、职业的孕妇选择剖宫产有差别,并与母亲年龄、生产次数和新生儿出生体重有关。结论:2004年石河子孕妇剖宫产率较高,孕妇要求剖宫产是最主要的原因。

Indications of caesarean section and its high risk factors

Objective:To investigate the delivery way, indications and high risk factors of caesarean section in Shihezi in 2004 to provide the evidence for guiding the reasonable delivery way.Methods:2 620 women who gave birth at hospitals including Shihezi People's Hospital, No.1 Affiliated Hospital, Women and Children's Health Care Hospital were surveyed.Results:The rate of caesarean section was 56.87%, natural delivery 14.20%, vaginal delivery with perineum incision 26.22%, natureal delivery with avulsion was 22.21% and vagina operation 0.05%. The main reasons for caesarean section were consumer's demand, fetal distress, breech delivery, cephalopelvic disproportion. The risk factors of caesarean section were fetal distress, mother's hypertension syndrome, cephalopelvic disproportion, pre-eclampsia. In the mothers who demanded for caesarean section, the main high risk factors were umbilic entanglement and amniotic fluid abnormal. The proportions of caesarean section were significantly different in various ethnic and occupational groups. They were also associated with mother's age, delivery times and the baby's weight.Conclusion:The caesarean section rate in Shihezi in 2004 was high and consumer's demand was the most important reason for it.