中国人群长期饮水氟接触与骨折关系调查研究

国外有关饮水氟浓度与骨折关系的报道结果不一致 ,为深入研究饮水中不同浓度的氟对人群骨折的影响 ,采用环境流行病学回顾性调查方法 ,按统一设计的调查方法与询问表 ,调查了 6个饮水氟浓度不同地区人群 (氟浓度分别为 0 2 5～ 0 34、0 5 8～ 0 73、1 0 0～ 1 0 6、1 45～ 2 19、2 6 2～ 3 5 8、4 32～ 7 97mg L)的骨折发生情况及其影响因素。内容包括 :氟暴露水平、骨折情况、人口构成、病史、体格检查、吸烟史、饮酒史、饮水量和膳食营养等。各组≥ 5 0岁的调查人数分别为 136 3、140 7、1370、15 74、10 5 1、15 0 1人 ,共计 82 6 6人。统计分析结果表明 ,饮水中的氟是其主要摄氟来源。 6组人群的全部骨折率分别为 7 41%、6 40 %、5 11%、6 0 4%、6 0 9%和 7 40 % ;自然骨折率分别为 3 0 1%、2 2 1%、1 31%、1 6 5 %、1 43%和 3 6 6 % ,二者均与饮水氟浓度之间呈现U型曲线相关关系。其中以饮水氟为 1 0 0～ 1 0 6mg L组人群的骨折率最低 ,与最低和最高饮水氟组的骨折率比较有显著性差别 (P <0 0 1)。 6组人群髋部骨折率依次为 0 37%、0 43%、0 37%、0 89%、0 76 %和 1 2 0 % ,虽未出现U型曲线关系 ,但仍以饮水氟为 4 32～ 7 97mg L组人群的髋部骨折率最高 ,显著高于 1 0 0～ 1 0 6m

Effects of zinc deficiency on the distribution of elements in the tissue of pregnant rats and their fetuses

There are contradictory reports on the prevalence of bone fractures associated with long\|term fluoride exposure from drinking water. The prevalence of bone fracture in six rural areas of China and the exposure of fluoride in drinking water was investigated. The data including medical history and demographic information,bone fractures,fluoride content in drinking water, physical activity, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and dietary intakes were collected. A retrospective epidemiological study by using the same design, method, quality control and the same questionnaire was conducted. A total of 8266 male and female over 50 years of age were divided into 6 groups by the fluoride concentrations in drinking water. The subjects in each group exposed to different levels of fluoride (0 25-0 34,0 58-0 73,1 00-1 06,1 45-2 19,2 62-3 58 and 4 32-7 97 mg/L) were 1363,1407,1370,1574,1051 and 1501 respectively. It has been confirmed that drinking water was the only major source of fluoride exposure in the studied populations. The total bone fracture rates were 7 41%,6 40%,5 11%,6 04%,6 09% and 7 40% in each group. Natural bone fracture rates in each group were 3 01%,2 21%,1 31%,1 65%,1 43% and 3 66% respectively. The prevalence of bone fracture and water fluoride level appeared a U-shaped relationship. The prevalence of total bone fracture and natural bone fracture in the population with fluoride 1 00-1 06 mg/L in drinking water was the lowest,compared with the groups exposed to fluoride higher than 4 32 mg/L and lower than 0 73 mg/L. The highest prevalence of hip fracture was in the group with higher water fluoride (4 32-7 97 mg/L) exposure.In general, the prevalence of hip fracture was lower and stable up to 1 06 mg/L of fluoride in drinking water, and then it appeared to rise.Based on the data collected in this investigation,it is concluded that the long\|term fluoride exposure from drinking water higher than 4 32 mg/L might increase the risk of overall fractures as well as hip fractures. The risk of overall fractures and natural fractures might be lower while the water fluoride level is at 1 00-1 06 mg/L,however,no protective benefits of fluoride for the risk of hip fracture was observed.