关于心脏瓣膜置换术后再次瓣膜手术的探讨

目的 分析心脏瓣膜置换术后再次瓣膜手术的原因,探讨手术时机的选择、手术方法及对结果的影响因素.方法 对2008年10月至2010年2月心脏瓣膜置换术后再次瓣膜手术的13例患者进行回顾性分析,术前NYHA心功能Ⅲ级4例,Ⅳ级9例.单纯二尖瓣置换术7例,单纯主动脉瓣置换术3例,二尖瓣并主动脉瓣置换术3例.结果 术后早期死亡1例,病死率7.7%(1/13),死亡原因为术后低心排血量综合征.术后因出血二次开胸止血和再次气管插管各1例,经抢救治疗后均好转,12例患者均于3～6周出院.随访6～15个月,无死亡病例发生,所有患者心功能恢复良好.结论 合理选择手术时机,术中尽早建立体外循环,加强心肌保护,术中、术后防止出血是提高心脏瓣膜置换术后再次瓣膜手术疗效的关键.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the results of valve re-operative cases after cardiac valve replacement, to find the better re-operative time, and to estimate the re-operative methods and influencing factors of the operation. Methods Thirteen valve re-operative cases after cardiac valve replacement from October 2008 to February 2010 were retrospectively studied. According to NYHA classification, 9 cases belonged to class Ⅳ, and only 4 cases belonged to class Ⅲ preoperatively. Mitral valve replacement (MVR)was performed in 7 cases, aortic valve replacement (AVR) in 3 cases, MVR + AVR in 3 cases. Results The early-stage postoperative mortality was 7.7%( 1/13),and the reason was low cardiac output syndrome. Two cases who underwent re-operation and re-intubation respectively after operation for hemorrhage were improved after treatment. Twelve cases were discharged in 3-6 weeks after heart valve surgery and all were followed up for 6-15 months. The cardiac function of all the discharged patients recovered well and no death occurred during follow-up. Conclusion The key factors to reduce the death of re-operation are improving preoperative heart function,setting up extracorporeal circulation as soon as possible,consummating myocardial preservation,perfecting operating skills,correcting low cardiac output syndrome in time and preventing complications.

Discussion on valve re-operative cases after cardiac valve replacement

Objective To summarize the results of valve re-operative cases after cardiac valve replacement, to find the better re-operative time, and to estimate the re-operative methods and influencing factors of the operation. Methods Thirteen valve re-operative cases after cardiac valve replacement from October 2008 to February 2010 were retrospectively studied. According to NYHA classification, 9 cases belonged to class Ⅳ, and only 4 cases belonged to class Ⅲ preoperatively. Mitral valve replacement (MVR)was performed in 7 cases, aortic valve replacement (AVR) in 3 cases, MVR + AVR in 3 cases. Results The early-stage postoperative mortality was 7.7%( 1/13),and the reason was low cardiac output syndrome. Two cases who underwent re-operation and re-intubation respectively after operation for hemorrhage were improved after treatment. Twelve cases were discharged in 3-6 weeks after heart valve surgery and all were followed up for 6-15 months. The cardiac function of all the discharged patients recovered well and no death occurred during follow-up. Conclusion The key factors to reduce the death of re-operation are improving preoperative heart function,setting up extracorporeal circulation as soon as possible,consummating myocardial preservation,perfecting operating skills,correcting low cardiac output syndrome in time and preventing complications.