表皮干细胞的生物学特性及应用

背景：尽早去除创面坏死组织、重建皮肤结构和功能,是大面积深度烧伤治疗的关键和最终目标。表皮干细胞作为皮肤组织特异性干细胞,拥有无可置疑的潜能。目的：总结表皮干细胞的生物学特性及应用现状。方法：应用计算机检索2000-01/2010-10PubMed数据库相关文章,检索词＂epidermal stem cells,basic study＂,并限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索2005-01/2010-10万方数据库相关文章,检索词为＂表皮干细胞＂,并限定文章语言种类为中文。共检索到文献271篇,最终纳入符合标准的文献38篇。结果与结论：表皮干细胞是具有多向分化潜能、自我更新能力和高度增殖能力的细胞,具有慢周期性和对基底膜的黏附能力,其增殖分化受到壁龛及Wnt信号通路、MAPK、c-Myc、Notch信号传导通路、细胞因子等的调控。目前尚无公认的特异性标志物,可用于创面修复、基因治疗、组织工程领域。随着表皮干细胞研究的深入,将为皮肤基础研究、创面功能修复和皮肤遗传病的治疗提供新途径。

Biological characteristics and application of epidermal stem cells

BACKGROUND：To remove the necrotic tissue of the wound surfaces as early as possible,and rebuild the structure and function of skin is the ultimate therapeutic target of extensive deep burn.Epidermal stem cell as a specific stem cell in skin tissue has its incontestable potentials.OBJECTIVE：To review the research status on biological characteristics and application of epidermal stem cells in recent years.METHODS：An online search of PubMed database was performed using key words of ＂epidermal stem cells,basic study＂ for articles published between January 2000 and October 2010,and the language was limited to English.In the meantime,a computer search for Wanfang database was conducted using key words of ＂epidermal stem cells＂ for articles between January 2005 and October 2010,and the language was limited to Chinese.A total of 271 literatures were screened out,and finally 38 articles were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Epidermal stem cells are a kind of cells which have the potential of multi-directional differentiation,self-renewal and proliferation.Epidermal stem cells have the typical characteristics of long periodicity in vivo,capacity to easily adhere to skin basement membrane.The proliferation and differentiation of epidermal stem cells is regulated by Wnt signaling pathway,c-Myc proto-oncogene,and Notch signaling pathway.Currently,there are no specific markers of epidermal stem cells generally acknowledged.Epidermal stem cells can be explored in wound repair,gene therapy and tissue engineering.As the study getting intensive,epidermal stem cells will provide a new approach in the skin basic research,rehabilitation of wound function and skin heredopathia therapy.