腕保护器抗冲击载荷的有限元分析

背景：人体防滑倒腕部保护支具对手腕部有明显的保护作用。目的：采用有限元分析验证腕保护器防护腕部骨折的有效性。方法：以中国力学可视人原始资料为依据,应用Abaqus6.51软件构建带软组织的正常手腕和佩带腕保护器手腕的三维有限元模型,对整个手腕模型加载2m/s的速度载荷,经程序运算后对比手腕部三维有限元模型佩带腕保护器前后的应力应变分布云图及腕部尺骨远端掌面最大应力值随时间变化规律图。结果与结论：与未佩带腕保护器比较,佩带腕保护器后在跌倒过程中小鱼际和腕关节背面的软组织等效应力、腕部桡尺骨下段的等效应力均明显变小,力学结构最薄弱的桡尺骨远端应力变小尤为最明显,而第2～4掌骨、食指近节、钩骨等力学结构相对坚强的短管状骨和不规则骨所受应力明显增大,提示腕保护器可分散、吸收一部分桡尺骨远端应力,转移至腕、掌、指骨上一部分,对保护腕关节尤其是防止桡尺骨远端骨折有积极的作用。

Finite element analysis of anti-impact loading of wrist protectors

BACKGROUND：Skidproof wrist protection devices can well protect the waist.OBJECTIVE：To analyze the efficacy of wrist protectors against fracture using three-dimensional finite element analysis.METHODS：Based on original data of Mechanical Virtual Human of China,three-dimensional finite element models of wrist with normal soft tissues and wrist wearing protectors were established using Abaqus6.51 software.The model was subjected to loading of 2 m/s.Stress-strain distribution of finite element model of the wrist before and after protectors wearing was compared,and maximum stress variation with time in the distal ulna was analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Compared with wrist not wearing protectors,the equivalent stress at soft tissues of hypothenar eminence,dorsal wrist,inferior segment of the radioulna,and distal radioulna was significantly decreased,which the stress at the second and fourth metacarpal bone,proximal segment of the index finger,and hamate bone was significantly increased,indicating the wrist protector can disperse,or transfer some stress from the distal radius and ulna to the wrist,palm or digital bone,thereby playing a positive role in preventing dital radial and ulnar fractures.