组织工程软骨支架材料的应用选择

背景：软骨损伤后几乎不可能完全修复,近年来采用组织工程学方法构建软骨复合组织已成为软骨修复方面新的研究领域。其中支架材料在软骨修复过程中起着至关重要的作用,支架材料的选择也就影响着整个修复过程。目的：全面了解组织工程软骨支架材料的优缺点,并对其选择进行综述。方法：由第一作者于2010-11在CBM、PubMed数据库（http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed）、万方数据库（http：//www.wanfangdata.com.cn）及google学术网检索组织工程软骨支架材料方面的内容,检索时限为1990/2010,英文检索词为＂cartilage,tissue engineering,scaffold materials,bone mesenchymal stem cell＂,中文检索词为＂软骨,组织工程,支架材料,骨髓间充质干细胞＂,排除重复性研究。结果与结论：计算机初检得到1185篇文献,阅读标题和摘要进行初筛,排除因研究目的与本文无关及内容重复的研究1142篇,共保留其中的43篇进行归纳总结,最终引入文献29篇。结果提示,目前应用于组织工程的支架不论是天然的还是人工合成的,都存在一定的缺陷,如体内降解速度过快或过慢,生物相容性不佳、引起炎症等问题。最重要的是组织工程软骨支架距临床应用仍有很大差距,而未来组织工程支架材料的研究重点是改进现有材料和制备工艺,研制复合材料、仿生材料、纳米材料及改性天然材料等。

Application choice of scaffold materials for cartilage tissue engineering

BACKGROUND： Articular cartilage cannot repair completely after injury. Scaffolds play a vital role in this process. Compound cartilage tissue constructed by tissue engineering method has become new research field of cartilage repair. Scaffold materials play an important role in the process of cartilage repair, and the choice of scaffold materials would influence the whole repair process. OBJECTIVE： To fully understand advantages and disadvantages of cartilage tissue engineering scaffold material in order to guide the selection. METHODS： The contents about cartilage tissue engineering scaffold material from CBM database, PubMed database （http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed）, Wanfang database （http：//www.wanfangdata.com.cn）, and google academic network in November 2010 were retrieved by the first author with the Keywords of ＂cartilage, tissue engineering, scaffold materials, bone mesenchymal stem cell＂ om English and Chinese, respectively. The retrieval time was limited to 1990/2010. Duplicate researches were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Totally 1 185 articles were primarily selected according to reading title and abstract, the objective unrelated to this paper and repetitive 1 142 researches were excluded. A total of 43 documents were involved for summarization, finally 29 documents of them were included. Scaffolds used in tissue engineering, whether natural or synthetic, there are certain defects, such as too fast or too slow degradation in vivo, poor biocompatibility, and inflammation, The most important thing is cartilage tissue engineering is still a big gap from the clinical application. However, in the future tissue engineering scaffold material research is focused on improving existing materials and preparation process, developed composite materials, biomimetic materials, nano materials and modified natural materials.