种子细胞及支架材料在组织工程角膜构建中的应用

背景：在眼科角膜移植在组织工程中有很好的应用前景,但理想的支架材料一直制约组织工程角膜发展。目的：分析各种子细胞、支架材料的应用,总结近年来组织工程角膜构建所取得的进展。方法：由第一作者用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI：2000/2010-10）和 PubMed数据库（2000/2010-10）,检索词分别为＂组织工程,角膜移植＂和＂tissue engineering,corneal transplantation＂。经计算机初检得到 223 篇文献,纳入与组织工程角膜研究进展、应用和体外构建的相关实验研究和综述,排除重复研究类文献,对 33 篇汇总分析。从种子细胞、支架材料、器官构建、临床应用等方面进行总结,对组织工程角膜的研究进展和未来发展进行探讨。结果与结论：结果表明,种子细胞和支架材料仍为组织工程研究的重点,由于眼免疫赦免现象和角膜的无血管特性,组织工程角膜移植将优于其他器官和组织的移植,成为能大量构建且易于移植的组织工程器官。目前,组织工程角膜构建已获得初步成功,但各类支架材料均存在一定缺点,寻找理想的支架材料是下一步的研究方向。

Application of seed cells and scaffolds in the construction of tissue-engineered cornea

BACKGROUND： Tissue engineering has a promising prospect in corneal transplantation. Scaffolds are always restricting the development of tissue-engineered cornea. OBJECTIVE： To analyze application of different seed cells and scaffolds, and to summarize the progress of tissue-engineered cornea in recent years. METHODS： First author searched literature from CNKI （2000/2010-10） and PubMed database （2000/2010-10）. The Keywords are ＂tissue engineering, corneal transplantation＂ in Chinese or English. A total of 223 literatures were seized by computers, according to the inclusion criteria, papers concerning the advance, application and reconstruction of tissue-engineered cornea were analyzed. Finally, 33 papers were included for further analysis. The present study was to analyze the seed cells, scaffolds, organ building and clinical applications of tissue-engineered cornea and investigate the development direction in the future. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The results show that seed cells and scaffolds are the focus of the studies now. Corneal transplantation has a high success rate in organ transplantation since the immune privilege of eye and avascular cornea, and it will be able to be a tissue engineering organ that can be largely built, easy to transplant. Reconstruction of cornea has reached first base, but every kind of scaffold has certain drawbacks, so the next goal is to find an ideal scaffold material.