山东省华支睾吸虫病流行病学调查

自1962至1990年,山东省已发现107个县(市、区)有华支睾吸虫病流行。人群感染率平均为1.5％。一般村庄,感染率在1—10％范围。感染者多为15岁以下少年儿童,男、女之间无显著差异。感染程度大多轻度,但有少数病例,可因感染严重而出现重度症状。流行区存在多种鱼、螺及家畜的感染。其中,猫、犬、猪是重要的保虫宿主,其平均感染率依次为60％、16.1％和6％。此外,还曾发现鼠和鼬感染本虫。第一中间宿主纹沼螺和长角涵螺分布广泛,数量众多。在已发现的6科、19属、23种淡水鱼类宿主中,麦穗鱼、棒花鱼、鳑鮍鱼、鲦鱼等一些小型野生鱼类,与人群感染本病关系密切。儿童进食不熟的坑塘小鱼,是人群感染本病的主要方式。

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CLONORCHIASIS IN SHANDONG PROVINCE

Clonorchiasis has been prevalent in Shandong Province since 1962- Endemic areas were found to be no less than 107 counties. The village-based infection rate varies from 1 to 10% with an average of 1.6%. Most of the infested population were youngsters and children under 15 years of age. There was no marked difference in sex incidence. Cats, dogs and pigs were important reservoir hosts. Besides, rats and weasels were also found to be infected. The first intermediate hosts including Parafossarulus striatulus and Alocinma longicornis, had a wide distribution and large population. The second intermediate host is fresh water fish belonging to 23 species in 19 genera of 6 families, among which the small fishes such as Pseudorasbora parva, Abbotina revu-laris, Rhodeus atremius and Hemiculter kneri are mainly responsible for transmitting human infection. Children acquired the infection in most instances by eating underdone fish collected from ponds or ditches.