南宁城市社区居民伤害干预效果的评价

目的评价南宁城市社区居民伤害预防干预效果,为城市居民社区伤害的干预研究提供科学的依据。方法根据世界卫生组织（world health organization,WHO）推荐的社区调查方案,采用多阶段随机抽样的方法在广西南宁市抽取被调查社区,并通过问卷调查的方法来获得干预前后的资料。干预过程主要采取了以健康教育为主的综合干预措施。结果干预后伤害发生率由28.34%降至14.06%,下降50.39%,干预前后发生率差异有统计学意义（2=32.04,P〈0.001）;多发性伤害发生率则由3.74%降至0.00%,干预前后发生率差异有统计学意义（2=19.28,P〈0.001）;伤害知识知晓率、正确认知比例分别由干预前的55.27%、71.60%上升至干预后的86.76%、89.52%,危险行为发生率也由干预前的57.79%降至干预后的33.12%,三者差异均有统计学意义（均有P〈0.05）。结论以社区为基础的伤害干预,能提高社区居民伤害安全知识水平,有利于培养正确的态度和建立健康的行为,从而有效的降低伤害的发生率,是预防伤害的有效途径。

Evaluation on effect of injury intervention among residents in Nanning City

Objective To evaluate the intervention measures for preventing injuries among residents in Nanning city, and provide scientific basis for the injuries prevention. Methods A community was adopted through muhi-stage ran- dom sampling based on program for conducting community surveys on injuries as recommended by world health organization （WHO） , and then data were collected through the questionnaire investigation method before and after the intervention. The comprehensive intervention measures had been adopted. Results The incidence of injury dropped to 14. 06% after inter- vention from 28.34 % , with 50. 39% of reduction（ %2 = 32. 04 ,P 〈 0. 001 ）. Incidence of injury dropped from 3.74 to 0. 00 after intervention（%2 = 19. 28 ,P 〈0. 001 ）. The rate of knowledge and attitude among injury were rised（55.27% vs 86. 76% ,71.60% vs 89. 52%）, while the incidence of risk behaviom＇s dropped to 33.12% after intervention from 57.79%. Conclusions The intervention measures of injury, the effective way to prevent injuries, based on community can improve KAP about injury among residents, and decrease the incidence of injury effectively.