315例终末期肾病血液透析患者生活质量的调查分析

目的对315例血液透析患者的生活质量进行调查研究，确定相关影响因素，为采取措施提高患者的生活质量提供参考。 方法采用血液透析患者生活质量调查表对苏州市区3家三级甲等医院315例终末期肾病维持性血液透析患者进行调查。 结果多因素分析发现年龄大者生理健康得分(PCS)和总体健康得分(SF－6D)低(P<0.05)，已婚或同居者的PCS、SF－6D、肾脏疾病总分(KDCS)比未婚或独居者高(P<0.05),随患者学历的增加，心理健康得分(MCS)、SF－6D和KDCS提高(P<0.05)，有合并症者的MCS、KDCS较低(P<0.05)，有并发症者的PCS亦较低(P<0.05)。PCS和SF－6D随透析龄的增加而降低(P<0.05)，每周透析≤2次者SF－6D较低(P<0.05)。 结论影响苏州市血液透析患者生活质量的相关因素为年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、合并症、并发症和透析龄，应采取措施对高危人群进行干预。

Investigation and analysis of life quality of 315 hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease

ObjectiveTo investigate the life quality of 315 hemodialysis patients and determine the relevant influencing factors so as to provide a reference for taking measures to improve the life quality of patients. MethodsThe questionnaire (KDQOL-36) for life quality of hemodialysis patients was used to investigate 315 maintenance hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease in three hospitals in Suzhou City. ResultsMultivariate analysis showed that the physical component summary (PCS) score and the short form 6-dimention(SF-6D)score were lower in older adults (P<0.05). PCS, SF-6D, and the kidney disease component summary (KDCS) scores were higher (P<0.05) in married or cohabiting patients than in unmarried or solitary patients. With the increase of education of the patients, the mental component summary (MCS), SF-6D and KDCS scores were higher (P<0.05). The MCS and KDCS scores were lower (P<0.05) in patients with comorbidities, while in patients with complications the PCS score was also lower (P<0.05). With the increase of dialysis age, the PCS and SF-6D scores decreased (P<0.05). The score of SF-6D was also lower in patients who received dialysis no more than two times a week (P<0.05). ConclusionThe relevant factors affecting the quality of life of hemodialysis patients in Suzhou included age, marital status, educational level, comorbidities, complications, dialysis frequency, and dialysis age. Measures should be taken to intervene in the patients at the high risk.