梅毒检验的假阴性与假阳性临床原因探讨

目的:研究梅毒检验的假阴性与假阳性出现的原因及解决对策,为临床诊断研究提供依据。方法:选取2014年2月至2016年2月在我院进行梅毒检查者1500例,其中受试者共28例结果出现假阴性或假阳性,分析患者梅毒检验者假阴性与假阳性出现的原因,并提出相应的解决对策。结果:1500份标本中,28例检验结果出错,出错率为1.9%。其中,13例假阳性,15例假阴性,两种错误的发生率比较差异不具有统计学意义(P0.05)。13例假阳性中原因相对较多,排在前三位的分别为:标准品因素、病理因素、实验室操作因素,分别占30.8%、23.1%和23.1%;15例假阴性患者中其原因排在前三位的分别为:标准品因素、试剂因素和实验室操作因素,分别占:33.3%、20.0%和20.0%。结论:梅毒检验的假阴性与假阳性出现的原因较多,应基于临床检验目的与需求加强对标本进行质量控制,提高临床确诊率。

Discussion on the clinical reasons of false-negative and false-positive syphilis test results

Objectives:To study the reasons of false-negative and false-positive syphilis test results and its solutions,in order to provide basis for clinical practice.Methods:Among the 1500 patients conducted syphilis test from February 2014 to February 2016,28 ones had false-negative and false-positive syphilis test results.The reasons and corresponding solutions were analyzed to propose appropriate countermeasures.Results:Among the 1500 specimens,28 ones were with wrong test results,an error rate of 1.87％.Among them,there were 13 false-positive and 15 false-negative results,without statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Main reasons of 13 false-positive results included standard factors,pathological factors and laboratory operational factors,accounting for 30.8％ 、23.1％ 、23.1％ respectively.Main reasons of 15 false-negative test results were the standard factors,operational factors and laboratory reagents factor,accounting for 33.3％、20.0％、20.0％ respectively.Conclusion:The reasons of false-negative and false-positive syphilis test results are many so the quality of specimen should be controlled based on clinical examination purposes and needs to improve the clinical diagnosis accuracy.