成都市小学生性别角色观念的实证研究

目的:了解成都市小学生性别角色观念的现况,为开展儿童青少年性别教育、促进儿童青少年身心健康发展提供科学依据。方法:采用随机整群抽样的方法,抽取成都市某普通小学的9~13岁小学生共362名,应用四川省性社会学与性教育研究中心编制的问卷进行调查。结果:34.08%的学生表示对青春期发育存在性别困惑;在可以选择自己性别的情况下,55.11%的男生和47.85%的女生选择了同性,女生选择异性的比例(12.37%)高于男生(2.84%);男生更倾向于维护传统的性别角色,而女生更倾向于性别平等的性别角色。结论:针对小学生性别角色异常、性别刻板印象和性别平等意识较低等问题,需要从家庭、学校和大众传媒三个方面进行综合教育和干预。

Research on the notion of gender role of pupils in primary school in Chengdu

Objectives:To examine the current status on the sexual development of pupils in primary school in Chengdu and to provide scientific evidence for children and adolescents' gender education.Methods:Clustering stratified random sampling was adopted to select 362 children aged from 9 ～ 13 years old in primary school in Chengdu.All the participants were assessed by questionnaire which was compiled by Sichuan Research Center of Sexual Sociology and Sexuality Education.Results:34.08％ of the students indicated that there was gender confusion in the development of puberty.In the case of the choice of their gender,55.11％ of boys and 47.85％ of girls chose the same sex,girls' ratio (12.37％) that chose the opposite sex were higher than boys (2.84％).Boys were more inclined to maintain the traditional gender roles,while girls tended to be more gender equal.Conclusion:In view of the problems of notion of gender roles,gender stereotype and gender equality awareness,it is necessary to carry out comprehensive education and intervention from various aspects of family,school and mass media.