海洛因对大鼠脾中腺苷脱氨酶、黄嘌呤氧化酶和血尿酸的影响

目的：研究海洛因依赖对大鼠血浆尿酸含量和脾中腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOD）的影响。方法：剂量递增腹腔注射海洛因，建立海洛因依赖大鼠模型，50只正常雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、3 d给药组、9 d给药组、3 d戒断组及8 d戒断组，每组10只。测定各组脾组织中ADA、XOD和血浆中尿酸的含量。结果：3 d和9 d给药组大鼠血尿酸含量均明显高于对照组（P<0.01），戒断组均低于9 d给药组，但差异无显著性（P>0.05）。脾中ADA 3 d和9 d给药组均明显高于对照组（P<0.05）, 8 d戒断组与9 d给药组相比明显下降（P<0.05）;脾中XOD 9 d给药组与对照组相比明显升高（P<0.05）,戒断组与9 d给药组比较差异无显著性（P>0.05），但呈下降趋势。结论：海洛因给药使脾中ADA、XOD活力升高，引起嘌呤核苷酸分解代谢增强，而且脾细胞核苷酸分解代谢增强是海洛因依赖引起的免疫力下降的重要原因。

Effects of heroin on adenosine deaminase and xanthine oxidase in spleen and plasma uric acid in rats

Objective To investigate the effects of heroin on plasma uric acid and purine nucleotides catabolism in rat spleen by testing the activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XOD). Methods Rats were administrated with heroin by intraperitoneal injection with increasing dose to develop addiction models. Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n=10): control, 3 d adiminigstrationg group, 9 d adiminigstrationg group, 3 d withdrawal group and 8 d withdrawal group. The uric acid concentration in plasma and the activities of ADA and XOD in rat spleen were determined. Results The concentrations of uric acid in plasma in heroin administration groups were significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.01). Compared with 9 d administration groups, the concentrations of uric acid in withdrawal groups were not decreased apparently (P>0.05). The activities of ADA in spleen in heroin administration groups were significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05).It was decreased apparently in 8 d withdrawal group compared with 9 d administration group. The activity of XOD in spleen in 9 d administration group was increased apparently compared with control group(P<0.05), there were no apparently differences between withdrawal groups and 9 d administration group (P>0.05), but in the withdrawal groups, the XOD in spleen had taken on a decreased tendence. Conclusion Administration of heroin can enhance the activities of ADA and XOD and promote the purine nucleotides catabolism in spleen.