胃切除术后留置胃肠减压必要性的Meta分析

目的 评价胃切除术后留置胃肠减压的必要性.方法 以Medline、Embase、the Cochrane Library数据库作为已发表国外文献的主要来源,以万方数据知识服务平台和中国知网数据出版平台作为已发表国内文献的主要来源;检索时间:2011年4月20日.收集1990-2011年公开发表的有关胃切除术后放置胃肠减压必要性的中文和英文文献.结果 筛选出符合纳入标准的前瞻性随机对照试验8项(975例).减压组和非减压组在术后排气时间相比差异无统计学意义(WMD=0.31,95%CI:-0.07～0.69,P＞0.05),而在进食时间和住院时间相比差异有统计学意义(WMD=0.61,95%CI:0.17～1.05,P＜0.05;WMD=1.20,95%CI:0.05～2.36,P＜0.05),非减压组的进食时间、住院时间短于减压组;减压组和非减压组发热的发生率之间相比差异有统计学意义(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.11～2.78,P＜0.05),减压组的发热发生率高于非减压组;其他并发症包括恶心、呕吐、肺部感染、吻合口瘘或十二指肠残端瘘、腹腔脓肿、切口裂开的发生率之间相比差异均无统计学意义(OR=1.43,95%CI:0.61～3.31,P＞0.05;OR=1.43,95%CI:0.82～2.49,P＞0.05;OR=1.17,95%CI:0.54～2.49,P＞0.05;OR=1.08,95%CI:0.50～2.34,P＞0.05;OR=1.47,95%CI:0.43～4.95,P＞0.05).结论 胃切除术后常规留置胃肠减压并不能加快胃肠功能的恢复,不能减少手术后并发症的发生,甚至增加术后发热的发生率,延长住院周期.

Meta analysis on the necessity for indwelling gastrointestinal decompression after gastrectomy

Objective To evaluate the necessity of indwelling gastrointestinal decompression after gastrectomy. Methods Eight publications on the necessity of gastrointestinal decompression after gastrecomy were colleted, data on recovery time of gastrointestinal function and hospital stay, complications,and motality were Meta-analyzed using fixed effect model and random effect model. Results Eight randomized trails including 975 patients were qualified and included in this study. The differences in time to oral intake ( WMD =0. 61, 95% CI: 0. 17 - 1.05, P ＜ 0. 05 ) and hospital stay ( WMD = 1.20, 95% CI:0. 05 -2. 36, P ＜ 0. 05 ) between the decompression group and non-decompression group were statistically significant, but the difference in time to flatus (WMD = 0. 31,95% CI: -0. 07- 0. 69, P ＞ 0. 05 ) was not significant. There were no significant differences in complications such as nausea and vomiting ( OR = 1.43,95% CI: 0. 61 - 3.31, P ＞ 0. 05 ), pulmonary infection and atelectasis ( OR = 1.43, 95 % CI: 0. 82 - 2. 49,P＞0.05), anastomotic leakage (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 0.54-2.49, P ＞0.05), abdominal abscess ( OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0. 50 - 2. 34, P ＞ 0. 05 ), wound dehiscence ( OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 0. 43 - 4. 95,P ＞ 0. 05 ) between the two groups, except for fever ( OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.11 - 2. 78, P ＜ 0. 05 ), which was found more frequent in decompression group than in non-decompression group. Conclusions Routine gastrointestinal decompression after gastrectomy was not conductive to the recovery of gastrointestinal function, and could not reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. Postoperative GI decompression increased fever incidence rate and prolonged hospital stay.