61例呼吸机相关肺炎病原菌及药敏试验

目的　分析呼吸机相关肺炎 (VAP)的病原学以及药物敏感情况。方法　对 1998年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年 12月收治的 6 1例VAP患者的病原菌分布、药敏试验结果以及耐药性变迁进行回顾分析。结果　机械通气患者中VAP发病率 34 1% ,革兰阴性杆菌是引发VAP的主要病原菌 ,占82 7% ,其中以铜绿假单胞菌居首位 ,占 2 5 5 %。致病性真菌感染也较常见。结论　VAP感染的细菌仍以革兰阴性杆菌为主 ,同时耐药率有所增加。临床医生必须密切关注病原菌分布和耐药情况变化 ,合理选择抗生素。

Aetiological and bacterial susceptibility analysis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in 61 patients

Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics and bacterial susceptibility in the patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).Methods The etiological flora and bacterial susceptibility in 61 patients with VAP from January 1998 to December 2002 in our department were analyzed retrospectively.Results 20 patients were complicated with VAP(34.1%),among which 82.7% were caused by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB).The dominant bacterium was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.5%),meanwhile the incidence of fungal infection increased.Conclusions The main bacterium in patients with VAP was GNB,which exhibited higher resistance to common antibiotics.It is critical to pay more attention to the changes of etiological flora and bacterial susceptibility to judicious use of proper antibiotics.