国内有机粉尘对肺脏作用的实验研究近况

通过对国内近10年来的文献回顾,发现有机粉尘染尘动物的肺脏可出现炎症、肉芽肿和明显的肺气肿等损害,但多数为可逆性的。超过60%的研究表明有机粉尘可致肺间质纤维化,且各种有机粉尘都有可能。其致纤维化机制可能是有机尘本身,也可能是由混杂物所致。绝大多数研究结论不支持"有机尘肺"这一概念,但在实践中,因粉尘中含有混杂物,其危害可能有增强效应。为探讨有机粉尘致纤维化的机理,国外对有机粉尘的研究偏重体外实验,但无一致结论。

Chinese experimental studies on the effects of organic dusts on lungs

Literature review in recent ten years demonstrated that organic dusts could cause lung damage, including of secondary infection, granulomatous lesion, and pulmonary emphysema, most of which were reversible. More than sixty per cent of studies indicated that organic dusts could give rise to pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, and almost every kind of organic dusts could do. The mechanism of fibrosis might be due to the organic dusts on the confounding substances of impurity mingled in them. The majority of studies did not support the concept of "organic pneumoconiosis". But in practice, the confounding substances in dusts might enhance the damage. The overseas studies aimed at exploring of the mechanism of fibrosis through in—vitro test, and no identical conclusion had been drawn.