江西省农村留守儿童营养状况分析

目的:了解江西省农村留守儿童营养状况。方法:整群抽样调查0～7岁留守儿童和非留守儿童各1 157名。由专业人员测量身高和体重,并检测血红蛋白。以WHO2006标准为参数评价儿童体格发育水平,计算年龄别身高Z值(HAZ)、年龄别体重Z值(WAZ)和身高别体重Z值(WHZ)。配对资料使用配对t检验方法,率的比较使用χ2检验。结果:留守儿童的HAZ均值为-1.13,非留守儿童为-1.00,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);留守儿童和非留守儿童的WAZ和血红蛋白(Hb)均值较接近,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);留守儿童低体重、生长迟缓和消瘦的发生率分别为5.95%、19.42%和2.79%,贫血发生率为17.96%,留守儿童和非留守儿童差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:江西省农村留守儿童营养状况可达非留守儿童水平,但江西省农村儿童整体营养状况仍不容乐观,应进一步提高农村卫生水平和加强科学喂养知识等健康教育,以期有效改善农村儿童营养状况。

Analysis nutritional status of unattended children under 7 years in rural area of Jiangxi province

Objective:To understand nutritional status of unattended children in rural area of Jiangxi province.Methods:A total of 1 157 unattended children aged 0-7 years old and 1 157 normal children aged 0-7 years old were investigated by cluster sampling method.Body height and body weight were measured by specialized persons,and the level of hemoglobin was detected.The physical development levels of children were evaluated by WHO 2006 standard,Z values of height-for-age(HAZ),weight-for-age(WAZ),and weight-for-height(WHZ) were calculated.The matched data were analyzed by ttest,and χ2 test was used for comparison of ratio.Results:The mean values of HAZ in unattended children and normal children were-1.13 and-1.00,respectively,there was statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in mean value of WAZ and hemoglobin level between unattended children and normal children(P>0.05).The incidences of low weight,growth retardation,emaciation,and anemia in unattended children were 5.95%,19.42%,2.79%,and 17.96%,respectively,compared with normal children,there were statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Conclusion:The nutritional status of unattended children in rural area of Jiangxi province can achieve the nutritional level of normal children,but it isn't optimistic on the whole;in order to effectively improve nutritional status of rural children,the health level in rural area should be improved and health education,such as scientific feeding knowledge,should be enhanced.