恶性肿瘤合并血栓栓塞性疾病的危险因素分析

目的探讨恶性肿瘤合并血栓栓塞性疾病发病的危险因素，为及早预防提供依据。方法收集我科38例恶性肿瘤合并血栓栓塞性疾病患者进行回顾性分析，并随机选取同期住院无合并血栓性疾病发生的恶性肿瘤患者38例做为对照组。对患者进行既往病史的统计，测定血常规及凝血功能，并对恶性肿瘤并发血栓性疾病发生的危险因素行单、多因素回归分析。结果两组有既往糖尿病史、高血脂病史、冠心病史者发生比例比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；观察组红细胞计数、血红蛋白值均低于对照组，血小板计数高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。恶性肿瘤并发血栓性疾病的发生在并发感染、输血治疗、地塞米松治疗上存在差异（P〈0．05）。并发感染、输血治疗、地塞米松治疗可以作为血栓发生的独立危险因素。结论并发感染、输血、地塞米松可作为血栓发生的独立危险因素，早期正确评价恶性肿瘤患者合并血栓风险，做好预防是改善预后的关键。

Risk factor analysis of malignant tumor combined with thromboembolic disease

Objective To study the risk factors of malignant tumor combined with thromboembolic disease, and to provide basis for early prevention. Methods 38 cases of malignant tumor combined with thromboembolic disease patients collecting from our department were retrospectively analyzed, and 38 cases of malignant tumor without thrombotic disease were randomly selected as control group in the same period. Patients with past history were stated, routine blood and blood clotting were determined, and risk factors of malignant tumor and thrombotic disease were done for single, multiple factors regression analysis. Results The comparison of the two groups with history of diabetes, high blood fat, coronary heart disease occurrence had the differences with statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）; the red blood cell count, hemoglobin value in observation group were lower than those of control group, platelet count were higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Malignant tumor and thrombotic disease in intercurrent infection, blood transfusion treatment, dexamethasone treatment existed difference （P 〈 0.05）. Intercurrent infection, blood transfusion treatment, dexamethasone therapy could be used as independent risk factors for thrombosis. Conclusion Intercurrent infection, blood transfusion, dexamethasone can be used as independent risk factors. Early correct evaluation of patients with malignant tumor thrombus combined with risk and doing well for the prevention is the key to improve the prognosis.