社区美沙酮维持治疗者HIV/AIDS高危行为及影响因素

目的了解广东省参与社区美沙酮维持治疗者人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）高危行为的影响因素。方法抽取广东省14家社区美沙酮门诊的7 288 例受治者在治疗入组时的调查数据，采用logistic回归分析高危行为的影响因素。结果过去1个月注射吸毒者占80.24%，最近1次性行为使用安全套者占42.53%，HIV感染率为7.46%，丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染率为78.96%；多因素分析结果显示，HIV感染（OR=3.54）、HCV感染（OR=3.94）、吸毒年限长（OR=1.78）是受治者注射吸毒的危险因素，有工作（OR=0.85）及教育程度高（OR=0.83）是注射吸毒行为的保护因素；与家人关系良好（OR=1.41）、HIV感染（OR=1.44）、年龄高者（OR=2.63）在发生性行为时会倾向于使用安全套；而已婚有配偶（OR=0.76）倾向于进行无保护性行为。结论HIV感染、HCV感染和较长的吸毒年限是高危行为主要危险因素，与家人关系良好、高教育程度和有工作是其保护因素。

HIV/AIDS related high-risk behaviors and influencing factors among patients with methadone maintenance treatment in community

ObjectiveTo identify influencing factors of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS)related high-risk behaviors among drug users receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT)in Guangdong province.MethodsTotally 7 288 patients from 14 community-based MMT clinics in Guangdong province were investigated with a questionnaire survey at enrollment.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of high risk behavior.ResultsThe proportion of the patients with injecting drug use during last month was 80.24%,and that of condom use in the latest sexual behavior was 42.53%.The point prevalence of HIV infection was 7.46%and that of hepatitis C virus (HCV)infection was 78.96%.HIV infection (odds ratio[OR]=3.54),HCV infection (OR=3.94)and long history of drug use (OR=1.78)were risk factors of drug injection behavior.Having a job (OR=0.85)and higher education level (OR=0.83)were protective factors of drug injection behavior.The patients having good relationship with their families (OR=1.42),with HIV infection (OR=1.46)and at older age (OR=2.63)were more likely to use condom in the latest sexual behavior.In contrast,married participants(OR=0.78)tended to have unprotected sexual behavior among the drug users.ConclusionHIV infection,HCV infection and long history of drug use are risk factors for high-risk behaviors related to HIV/AIDS.Having good relationship with their families,with higher education level and having job are protective factors of the high-risk behaviors among drug users.