山东省城乡空巢独居老人抑郁状况及影响因素

目的 了解山东省城乡空巢独居老人抑郁现状及影响因素。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法于2011年11月-2012年1月抽取山东省空巢老人2667人,以其中443名 ≥60岁空巢独居老人为研究对象,应用简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)、社会支持量表(SSRS)和自行设计的一般情况调查表进行问卷调查。结果 空巢独居老人抑郁症状检出率为19.9%(88/443);无医疗保险(41.9%)、不经常锻炼(27.9%)、有慢性病(22.7%)、自评经济状况差(37.1%)的空巢独居老人抑郁症状检出率较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,无医疗保险(OR=0.39,95%CI=0.168~0.907)、自评经济状况差(OR=0.28,95%CI=0.165~0.478)、有慢性病(OR=0.48,95%CI=0.244~0.926)、不参加体育锻炼(OR=0.48,95%CI=0.288~0.800)是空巢独居老人抑郁症状发生的危险因素。结论 山东省空巢独居老人的抑郁症患病率较高,自评经济状况、有无慢性病和是否体育锻炼是空巢独居老人是否患抑郁症的重要影响因素。

Depression status and its risk factors among single empty-nest elderly in Shandong province

Objective To examine the prevalence and influencing factors of depression among urban and rural empty-nest elderly living alone in Shandong province.Methods Using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling,2667 empty-nesters were selected in Shandong province;then the 443 empty-nesters aged ≥60 years and living alone were recruited from the 2667 elderly and surveyed with Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-15),Social Support Scale(SSRS),and a self-designed questionnaire on general information.Results The detection rate of depression was 19.9%(88/443) among the empty-nest elderly living alone and the detection rate was significantly higher among those without medical insurance(41.9%),not having regular physical exercise(27.9%),with chronic disease(22.7%),and with a poor self-reported economic condition(37.1%) compared to other elderly(all P<0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that without medical insurance(odds ratio[OR]=0.39,95% confidence interval[95%CI]=0.168-0.907),poor self-reported economic condition(OR=0.28,95% CI=0.165-0.478),with chronic disease(OR=0.48,95% CI=0.244-0.926),not taking part in physical exercise(OR=0.48,95% CI=0.288-0.800) were risk factors for occurrence of depression among the empty-nest elderly living alone.Conclusion The prevalence of depression is high and influenced mainly by self-reported economic condition,whether having chronic disease,and status of physical exercise among the empty-nest elderly living alone in Shandong province.