吉林省老年人日常活动能力和焦虑沮丧状况分析

目的了解吉林省老年人日常活动能力（ADL）、焦虑沮丧状况，探讨其影响因素，为相关卫生服务提供依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法在吉林省范围内抽取≥60岁老年人2 698人，对其进行问卷调查。结果2 698名老年人中，ADL受限410人（15.2%），ADL基本正常2 288人（84.8%）；无焦虑沮丧2 323人（86.1%），焦虑沮丧375人（13.9%）；多因素分析结果表明，老年人ADL的影响因素为年龄、经济来源、体育锻炼和慢性病，老年人焦虑沮丧的影响因素为年龄、经济来源、慢性病和ADL。结论年龄、经济来源、慢性病既影响老年人的ADL，也影响老年人的焦虑沮丧状况，适当体育锻炼或可提高老年人的ADL并改善心理焦虑沮丧。

Activity of daily living and prevalence of anxiety-depression among the elderly in Jilin province

ObjectiveTo examine the situation of activity of daily living(ADL) and prevalence of anxiety-depression among the elderly in Jilin province and to explore its influencing factors for the improvement of health service.MethodsWith stratified sampling method,2 698 residents ≥60 years old were selected from cities in Jilin province for a questionnaire survey.ResultsIn the elderly,there were 410(15.2%) with limited ADL,2 288(84.8%) with normal ADL,and 2 323(86.1%) with anxiety-depression symptoms.Logistic regression analyses showed that age,income,physical exercise,and having chronic disease were factors influencing status of ADL and age,income,having chronic disease,and ADL were factors influencing the prevalence of anxiety-depression symptoms among the elderly.ConclusionAge,source of income,whether having chronic disease affects both ADL and anxiety-depression status among the elderly and proper physical exercise may improve ADL and alleviate anxiety-depression symptoms among the elderly.