广东翁源县新生儿脐带血铅含量及影响因素

目的 调查广东省翁源县新生儿脐带血铅的含量，分析其影响因素，为当地优生优育政策提供科学依据。方法 选取广东省韶关市翁源县妇幼保健院和新江镇卫生院作为研究现场，对所有在2011年9月1日-2012年8月31日分娩的576名孕妇进行问卷调查，同时采集新生儿脐带血标本。结果 576名新生儿脐带血铅含量为12.77～253.63 μg/L，中位数和四分位数间距分别为31.96和18.37 μg/L；44名（7.64%）新生儿脐带血铅含量>100 μg/L；单因素分析显示，孕期住房距公路距离>50 m（OR=0.39，95%CI=0.19～0.78）、孕妇孕期平均每天走公路时间>30 min（OR=2.51，95%CI=1.30～4.84）、孕期喝咖啡（OR=4.47，95%CI=2.38～8.39）、孕期饮茶（OR=3.00，95%CI=1.60～5.62）和孕期补钙（OR=0.26，95%CI=0.13～0.52）与新生儿脐带血铅含量有关；多因素分析显示，孕期喝咖啡（OR=3.58，95%CI=1.11～11.57）和补钙（OR=0.31，95%CI=0.10～0.97）与新生儿脐带血铅含量有关。结论 当地新生儿脐带血铅含量水平较高，孕妇妊娠期住宅距公路距离及其生活习惯与之相关。

Concentration and influential factors of umbilical cord blood lead among newborns in Wengyuan,Guangdong province

Objective To investigate the concentration of umbilical cord blood lead and its influential factors in Wengyuan county,Guangdong province and to provide a scientific foundation for prenatal and postnatal care.Methods Overall 576 pregnant women giving birth to their children in Wengyuan Maternity and Child Healthcare and Xinjiang Health Center were asked to take a questionnaire survey and their umbilical cord blood samples were collected by well-trained doctors during 1st September,2011 and 31th August,2012.Results For the participants,the concentration range of umbilical cord blood lead was 12.77-253.63 μg/L,and the median and interquartile of umbilical cord blood lead concentration were 31.96 μg/L and 18.37 μg/L,respectively.There were 44(7.64%) of the blood samples with the lead concentration higher than 100 μg/L.Univariate analyses indicated that a distance of over 50 meters from residence to road(odds ratio[OR]=0.39,95% confidence interval[95% CI]:0.19-0.78),average time of 30 minutes to the road by walking(OR=2.51,95% CI:1.30-4.84),drinking coffee(OR=4.47,95% CI:2.38-8.39),drinking tea(OR=3.00,95% CI:1.60-5.62),and calcium supplement(OR=0.26,95% CI:0.13-0.52) were all associated with umbilical cord blood lead concentration.Multivariate analyses indicated that drinking coffee(OR=3.58,95% CI:1.11-11.57) and calcium supplement(OR=0.31,95% CI:0.10-0.97) were associated with umbilical cord blood lead concentration.Conclusion The lead concentration in umbilical cord blood is relatively high among the newborns in Wengyuan county of Guangdong province.The distance from residence to road and life habits of the pregnant woman are significantly associated with the lead concentration in umbilical cord blood.