HIV抗体快速检测试剂在北京MSM中应用的真实性评价

目的评价艾滋病病毒（HIV）抗体快速检测试剂,应用于男男性行为人群（MSM）中检测的真实性。方法用两种HIV抗体口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测试剂和指尖血HIV抗体快速检测试剂,对MSM进行快速检测。同时每位调查对象抽取静脉血,用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测HIV抗体,阳性者用蛋白免疫印迹法（WB）进行确认检测。以ELISA和WB结果作为金标准,将快速检测结果与之相比较。结果 HIV抗体口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测试剂1的阴性样本检测错误百分比为6.4%（6/94）,阳性样本检测错误百分比为0.1%（1/800）。HIV抗体口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测试剂2的阴性样本检测错误百分比为25.2%（26/103）,阳性样本检测错误百分比为0（0/795）。指尖血检测的阴性样本检测错误百分比为0（0/197）,阳性样本检测错误百分比为0.1%（1/1595）。结论两种口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测试剂都可能导致一部分HIV感染者漏检。在选择口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测试剂时需要进行多方比较和评价,同时加强对开展HIV抗体快速检测的MSM志愿者的培训。对HIV抗体口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测结果的咨询显得尤为重要。

Validity evaluation on HIV antibody rapid diagnostic kits among men who have sex with men in Beijing

Objective To evaluate the validity of HIV antibody rapid diagnostic kits among men who have sex with men （MSM）. Methods HIV antibody rapid tests were carried out among MSM using two kinds of oral fluid HIV antibody diagnostic kits and a fingertip blood HIV antibody diagnostic kit. Enzyme linked immunosorbent as- say （ELISA） and Western blot （WB） test were also conducted, which serve as a gold standard. The results from different tests were compared with the gold standards. Results The proportion of false test results among the nega- tive samples and among the positive samples using the first oral fluid rapid diagnostic kit were 6.4% （6/94） and 0.1% （1/800）, respectively, while those of the second oral fluid rapid diagnostic kit were 25.2~/00 （26/103） and 0.0% （0/795）. The proportion of false test results among the negative samples and among the positive samples u- sing the fingertip blood HIV antibody diagnostic kit were 0.0 % （0/197） and 0.1% （1/1595）, respectively. Conclu- sion Both of the HIV antibody oral fluid rapid tests are likely to leave some HIV positives out. It＇s important to carry out careful evaluation on different diagnostic test kits before use as well as to reinforce training among MSM volunteers about the operation of HIV antibody rapid test. Counseling is also critical to explain the results correctly and provide psychological support for those getting HIV anti-body rapid tests.